Consumption of Two Healthy Dietary Patterns Restored Microbiota Dysbiosis in Obese Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction

Haro, Carmen; García‐Carpintero, Sonia; Rangel‐Zúñiga, Oriol A.; Alcalá‐Díaz, Juan F.; Landa, Blanca B.; Clemente, José C.; Pérez‐Martínez, Pablo; López‐Miranda, José; Pérez‐Jiménez, Francisco; Camargo, Antonio

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700300

Cited by 119 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As our prescribed diet was mild, no notable effects on gut microbiota had been seen in the placebo group of this study, although previous restricted dietary interventions showed alterations in gut microbiota of obese individuals (36,37). Since the dietary recommendations were the same in both groups and no significant change in gut microbiota was observed in the placebo group, gut microbial alteration in the metformin group could be attributed to the metformin intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Ejtahed

Tito

Siadat

et al. 2019

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective The increasing prevalence of obesity over the past few decades constitutes a global health challenge. Pharmacological therapy is recommended to accompany life-style modification for obesity management. Here, we perform a clinical trial to investigate the effects of metformin on anthropometric indices and gut microbiota composition in non-diabetic, treatment-naive obese women with a low-calorie diet (LCD). Design Randomized double-blind parallel-group clinical trial Methods Forty-six obese women were randomly assigned to the metformin (500 mg/tab) or placebo groups using computer-generated random numbers. Subjects in both groups took two tablets per day for 2 months. Anthropometric measurements and collection of blood and fecal samples were done at the baseline and at the end of the trial. Gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results Twenty-four and twenty-two subjects were included in the metformin + LCD and placebo + LCD groups, respectively; at the end of trial, 20 and 16 subjects were analyzed. The metformin + LCD and placebo + LCD caused a 4.5 and 2.6% decrease in BMI from the baseline values, respectively (P < 0.01). Insulin concentration decreased in the metformin + LCD group (P = 0.046). The overall fecal microbiota composition and diversity were unaffected in the metformin + LCD group. However, a significant specific increase in Escherichia/Shigella abundance was observed after metformin + LCD intervention (P = 0.026). Fecal acetate concentration, but not producers, was significantly higher in the placebo + LCD group, adjusted for baseline values and BMI (P = 0.002). Conclusions Despite the weight reduction after metformin intake, the overall fecal microbiota composition remained largely unchanged in obese women, with exception of changes in specific proteobacterial groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Ejtahed

Tito

Siadat

et al. 2019

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Dietary strategies, which presumably act by modifying the microbiome, are of great interest in preventing and treating metabolic disorders . In fact, we have previously shown that the long‐term consumption of both MED or LF diets partially restores the gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese people with the full characteristics of MetS (five criteria), whereas no significant modifications of gut microbiota were observed in NonMetS patients after the dietary intervention . Based on this, in the current work, we analyzed whether the long‐term consumption of these diets induced different microbiota changes in men than in women with MetS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sex Differences in the Gut Microbiota as Potential Determinants of Gender Predisposition to Disease

Santos-Marcos

Haro

Vega‐Rojas

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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122

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Scope: Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is involved in metabolic syndrome (MetS) development, which has a different incidence between men (M) and women (W). The differences in gut microbiota in MetS patients are explored according to gender, and whether consuming two healthy diets, Mediterranean (MED) and low-fat (LF), may, over time, differentially shape the gut microbiota dysbiosis according to gender is evaluated. Materials and Methods: All the women from the CORDIOPREV study whose feces samples were available and a similar number of men, matched by the main metabolic variables (N = 246, 123 women and 123 men), and categorized according to the presence or not of MetS are included. Gut microbiota is analyzed at baseline and after 3 years of dietary intervention. Results: Higher abundance of Collinsella, Alistipes, Anaerotruncus, and Phascolarctobacterium genera is observed in MetS-W than in MetS-M, whereas the abundance of Faecalibacterium and Prevotella genera is higher in MetS-M than in MetS-W. Moreover, higher levels of Desulfovibrio, Roseburia, and Holdemania are observed in men than in women after the consumption of the LF diet. Conclusion: The results suggest the potential involvement of differences in gut microbiota in the unequal incidence of metabolic diseases between genders, and a sex-dependent effect on shaping the gut microbiota according to diet.

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“…Dietary patterns that consider dietary quality and diversity may inform future habitual dietary strategies for durable microbial shifts, as opposed to a short-term transient initiative. For example, after 2 years, consumption of a Mediterranean dietary pattern and a low-fat dietary pattern has been shown to partially restore loss of keystone taxa in 33 participants with obesity and varying levels of metabolic dysfunction [101]. Regardless, contrary to most studies, habitual dietary intake should be taken into account in acute dietary interventions considering the long-lasting role dietary history has on the composition of the gut microbiota unless faced with an extreme dietary shift [102].…”

Section: Dietary Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diet on the Gut Microbiota: Rethinking Intervention Duration

et al. 2019

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The human gut is inhabited by trillions of microorganisms composing a dynamic ecosystem implicated in health and disease. The composition of the gut microbiota is unique to each individual and tends to remain relatively stable throughout life, yet daily transient fluctuations are observed. Diet is a key modifiable factor influencing the composition of the gut microbiota, indicating the potential for therapeutic dietary strategies to manipulate microbial diversity, composition, and stability. While diet can induce a shift in the gut microbiota, these changes appear to be temporary. Whether prolonged dietary changes can induce permanent alterations in the gut microbiota is unknown, mainly due to a lack of long-term human dietary interventions, or long-term follow-ups of short-term dietary interventions. It is possible that habitual diets have a greater influence on the gut microbiota than acute dietary strategies. This review presents the current knowledge around the response of the gut microbiota to short-term and long-term dietary interventions and identifies major factors that contribute to microbiota response to diet. Overall, further research on long-term diets that include health and microbiome measures is required before clinical recommendations can be made for dietary modulation of the gut microbiota for health.

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Consumption of Two Healthy Dietary Patterns Restored Microbiota Dysbiosis in Obese Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction

Cited by 119 publications

References 45 publications

Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Metformin induces weight loss associated with gut microbiota alteration in non-diabetic obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Sex Differences in the Gut Microbiota as Potential Determinants of Gender Predisposition to Disease

Effect of Diet on the Gut Microbiota: Rethinking Intervention Duration

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