Consumption of young child formulae in the Netherlands

Jong, Marjolein H de; Nawijn, Eline L; Verkaik-Kloosterman, Janneke

doi:10.1007/s00394-022-02956-2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For the fish purees, iron had the highest concentration for name brands and zinc for store brands (Table 1). This finding was consistent with other nutritional analyses that reported higher iron and zinc intakes among children who consumed this kind of formulae [35,36]. We observed significant differences in molybdenum, chromium, zinc, and selenium concentrations between the different types of brands.…”

Section: Content Of Chemical Elements In Ready-to-eat Purees For Babiessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The presence of REEs and other MEs in food has been observed before [ 26 ], so children’s food should not be an exception. In general, REE concentrations in food are quite variable and low but have been reported in a wide range of foods, including fresh vegetables, rice, cereals, fresh aquatic products, fresh meats, and eggs [ 35 , 41 ]. To our knowledge, this is the first time that many of these chemical elements have been analyzed in ready-to-eat purees for babies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration of Essential, Toxic, and Rare Earth Elements in Ready-to-Eat Baby Purees from the Spanish Market

et al. 2023

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Background: The infant population is particularly sensitive, so the risk posed by their diet must be analyzed. The aims of the present study were (i) to determine the contents of 38 elements in 159 samples of ready-to-eat baby food sold in Spain and (ii) to estimate the dietary intakes and risk assessments of these elements in name brands and store brands in infants ranging between 6 and 12 months of age. Methods: A list of essential, non-essential/toxic elements, rare earth elements (REEs), and other hi-tech-related elements that are currently considered as emerging environmental pollutants were measured in ready-to-eat baby foods by ICP-MS. Results: Fish purees showed the highest concentrations of mercury (28.1 ng/g) and arsenic (346.2 ng/g). The levels of manganese, molybdenum, and chromium exceed the adequate intake, being higher in the case of store brands. The acute hazard index was above 1 for molybdenum and manganese. A risky consumption of thallium and mercury was observed, being higher among name brands. The risk associated with the consumption of REEs was low, although its presence should be highlighted. Conclusions: This is the first time that these chemical elements have been measured in ready-to-eat purees for babies. The presence of some of them, such as mercury, should be sufficient to monitor the levels of these contaminants in food intended for such a sensitive population as children.

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Section: Content Of Chemical Elements In Ready-to-eat Purees For Babiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Essential, Toxic, and Rare Earth Elements in Ready-to-Eat Baby Purees from the Spanish Market

et al. 2023

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“…The data on individual food intakes showed that the use of follow-on toddler formulas contributes to intakes from fortified foods for this age group (results not shown). Approximately 20% of toddlers in this survey use follow-on infant formula: Formula users had higher intakes of vitamins B1, B2, folic acid, C, D, E, and iron and zinc, and an increase in the proportion exceeding the UL for zinc [ 38 ]. In a Spanish population, the use of fortified milk including follow-on formula improved adequacy in zinc, vitamin A and vitamin E, while the proportion of children exceeding the UL also increased for zinc and vitamin A for the youngest age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrient intakes in the Dutch diet: foods, fortified foods and supplements in a cross sectional study

Bird¹,

Bruins

Turini

2023

Eur J Nutr

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Purpose This study investigates intakes of risk micronutrients from non-fortified foods, fortified foods and food supplements in different age and gender sub-groups of the Dutch population. Methods This is a secondary analysis of the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS 2012–2016, N = 4313, 1–79 years). The proportion of the population with Habitual Intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and above the Upper Level (UL) for calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin D and vitamin E from non-fortified foods, fortified foods and total intake including food supplements was calculated using Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure (SPADE). Results More than 50% of the population had an intake below the EAR for calcium, iron, vitamin D and folate. Intakes were inadequate for certain sub-groups for the other vitamins and minerals. Adolescents and women were the population sub-groups most likely to have an intake below the EAR. For zinc, vitamin A and folic acid, more than 1% of toddlers exceeded the UL from the total intake. A negligible proportion exceeded the UL for the other vitamins and minerals. Conclusion Inadequate intakes were found for several micronutrients in various population sub-groups despite an apparently well-nourished population. Intakes of zinc, folic acid and vitamin A from food supplements in toddlers and preschoolers should be investigated further to ensure they do not exceed recommended amounts. These results can be used to inform policy makers and to design nutritional interventions to improve micronutrient intakes in the Netherlands.

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“…According to a number of studies, including randomized clinical trials [14][15][16], YCF has been shown to improve young children's nutritional intakes as well as the overall diet quality as indicated by a higher probability of nutrient adequacy [17][18][19][20][21]. The consumption of YCF seems to be a particularly successful approach to meet the nutritional requirements for children at risk of nutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin D, iron, vitamin A, calcium, and LCPUFAs, which are key nutrients for healthy growth and development [14,16,18,22]. To date, limited available evidence exists for the potential impact of YCF on growth outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Patterns of 11–29-Month-Old Children Consuming Young Child Formula: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Controlled Study

Sirkka,

Bindels,

Chatchatee

et al. 2024

Ann Nutr Metab

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Introduction: The impact of young child formula (YCF) consumption on children’s growth, particularly under sub-optimal conditions, has scarcely been studied. In the current study, weight-for-age (WAZ), length-for-age (LAZ) and BMI-for-age (BAZ) z-score development was evaluated in children from five different countries (n = 668) who participated in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Methods: The children (1-3 years old) were randomized to one of two intervention YCFs (with presence or absence of prebiotics and n-3 LCPUFAs) during 52 weeks of intervention. Additional stratified analyses evaluated the growth patterns of underweight, overweight, or stunted children. Results: No apparent differences in anthropometric measurements were observed between the intervention groups. In both YCF intervention groups, mean WAZ, LAZ and BAZ development was indicative for an adequate growth during the intervention period. Stratified analyses showed a stable WAZ and BAZ development among children with a healthy weight or overweight at baseline. Among underweight and stunted children normalization in mean weight (⁓1SD) and length (⁓0.8SD) gain, respectively, was observed. Conclusion: The current study suggests that consumption of YCF, either or not containing prebiotics and n-3 LCPUFAs, is associated with adequate growth among young children. This association may depend on the child’s baseline nutritional status. Future studies to assess the potential role of YCF in supporting adequate weight/length gain among children at-risk for undernutrition are warranted.

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Consumption of young child formulae in the Netherlands

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Concentration of Essential, Toxic, and Rare Earth Elements in Ready-to-Eat Baby Purees from the Spanish Market

Concentration of Essential, Toxic, and Rare Earth Elements in Ready-to-Eat Baby Purees from the Spanish Market

Micronutrient intakes in the Dutch diet: foods, fortified foods and supplements in a cross sectional study

Growth Patterns of 11–29-Month-Old Children Consuming Young Child Formula: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Controlled Study

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