Consumptive Use Program (Cup) Model

Orang, M.; Matyac, J. Scott; Snyder, Richard L.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.664.58

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The cumulative ET for the entire crop season attributed to irrigation is given by

E T_{i} = C D_{s w} - Δ W C = (C E T_{c} - C E_{s p g} - C E_{r}) - Δ W C = \sum_{i = 1}^{n} N A_{i}

where ET i is ET of applied water (i.e., irrigation), CD sw is the cumulative daily change in soil water content,

Δ W C

is the difference between initial and final soil water content, and NA i is the net water application. CET c , CE spg , and CE r are the seasonal cumulative crop evapotranspiration, cumulative effective seepage, and cumulative effective rainfall contribution, respectively [ Orang et al ., ]. CUP+ does not distinguish between E and T and does not incorporate capillary rise, unlike other ET models used to determine high‐resolution water footprints [ Chukalla et al ., ; Zhuo et al ., ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought impacts to water footprints and virtual water transfers of the Central Valley of California

Marston

Konar

2017

Water Resources Research

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The Central Valley of California is one of the most productive agricultural locations in the world, which is made possible by a complex and vast irrigation system. Beginning in 2012, California endured one of the worst droughts in its history. Local impacts of the drought have been evaluated, but it is not yet well understood how the drought reverberated through the global food system. Here we quantify drought impacts to the water footprint (WF) of agricultural production and virtual water transfers (VWT) from the Central Valley of California. To do this, we utilize high‐resolution spatial and temporal data sets and a crop model from predrought conditions (2011) through 3 years of exceptional drought (2012–2014). Despite a 12% reduction in harvested area, the WF of agricultural production in the Central Valley increased by 3%. This was due to greater crop water requirements from higher temperatures and a shift to more water‐intensive orchard and vine crops. The groundwater WF increased from 7.00 km3 in 2011 to 13.63 km3 in 2014, predominantly in the Tulare Basin. Transfers of food commodities declined by 1% during the drought, yet total VWT increased by 3% (0.51 km3). From 2011 to 2014, groundwater VWT increased by 3.42 km3, offsetting the 0.94 km3 reduction in green VWT and the 1.96 km3 decrease in surface VWT. During the drought, local and global consumers nearly doubled their reliance on the Central Valley Aquifer. These results indicate that drought may strengthen the telecoupling between groundwater withdrawals and distant consumers of agricultural commodities.

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“…The cumulative ET for the entire crop season attributed to irrigation is given by

E T_{i} = C D_{s w} - Δ W C = (C E T_{c} - C E_{s p g} - C E_{r}) - Δ W C = \sum_{i = 1}^{n} N A_{i}

where ET i is ET of applied water (i.e., irrigation), CD sw is the cumulative daily change in soil water content,

Δ W C

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought impacts to water footprints and virtual water transfers of the Central Valley of California

Marston

Konar

2017

Water Resources Research

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“…Spreadsheet and Windows-based irrigation scheduling programs, such as CROPWAT [60], KanSched 2.0, Basic Irrigation Scheduling (BIS) [61], and consumptive use program (CUP) [62] automate the irrigation scheduling calculations but require users to retrieve and enter daily ET 0 values. Since separate spreadsheet files maybe needed for each crop, these programs may be difficult to implement in large growing operations that manage many fields.…”

Section: Overview Of Sofware Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approaches to Irrigation Scheduling of Vegetables

Cahn

Johnson

2017

Horticulturae

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Using evapotranspiration (ET) data for scheduling irrigations on vegetable farms is challenging due to imprecise crop coefficients, time consuming computations, and the need to simultaneously manage many fields. Meanwhile, the adoption of soil moisture monitoring in vegetables has historically been limited by sensor accuracy and cost, as well as labor required for installation, removal, and collection of readings. With recent improvements in sensor technology, public weather-station networks, satellite and aerial imaging, wireless communications, and cloud computing, many of the difficulties in using ET data and soil moisture sensors for irrigation scheduling of vegetables can now be addressed. Web and smartphone applications have been developed that automate many of the calculations involved in ET-based irrigation scheduling. Soil moisture sensor data can be collected through wireless networks and accessed using web browser or smartphone apps. Energy balance methods of crop ET estimation, such as eddy covariance and Bowen ratio, provide research options for further developing and evaluating crop coefficient guidelines of vegetables, while recent advancements in surface renewal instrumentation have led to a relatively low-cost tool for monitoring crop water requirement in commercial farms. Remote sensing of crops using satellite, manned aircraft, and UAV platforms may also provide useful tools for vegetable growers to evaluate crop development, plant stress, water consumption, and irrigation system performance.

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“…Plant water uptake was assumed to be a descending extraction pattern that depends on irrigation frequency such that greater uptake is at the top quarter of the root zone [18,[41][42][43]. Plant growth and root development parameters are summarized in Table A2 and Equation (B8) [38,[44][45][46][47] and we assumed that strawberries were planted on 1.3 m wide raised beds as is common in the region. The model was calibrated for soil salinity generation due to dissolution and a dissolution rate is used to account for these processes.…”

Section: Root Zone Salinity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Global Sensitivity Analysis for a Salinity Model Used in Evaluating Fields Irrigated with Treated Wastewater in the Salinas Valley

2019

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Treated wastewater irrigation began two decades ago in the Salinas Valley of California and provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the long-term effects of this strategy on soil salinization. We used data from a long-term field experiment that included application of a range of blended water salinity on vegetables, strawberries and artichoke crops using surface and pressurized irrigation systems to calibrate and validate a root zone salinity model. We first applied the method of Morris to screen model parameters that have negligible influence on the output (soil‐water electrical conductivity (ECsw)), and then the variance-based method of Sobol to select parameter values and complete model calibration and validation. While model simulations successfully captured long-term trends in soil salinity, model predictions underestimated ECsw for high ECsw samples. The model prediction error for the validation case ranged from 2.6% to 39%. The degree of soil salinization due to continuous application of water with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0.57 dS/m to 1.76 dS/m depends on multiple factors; ECw and actual crop evapotranspiration had a positive effect on ECsw, while rainfall amounts and fallow had a negative effect. A 50-year simulation indicated that soil water equilibrium (ECsw ≤ 2dS/m, the initial ECsw) was reached after 8 to 14 years for vegetable crops irrigated with ECw of 0.95 to 1.76. Annual salt output loads for the 50-year simulation with runoff was a magnitude greater (from 305 to 1028 kg/ha/year) than that in deep percolation (up to 64 kg/ha/year). However, for all sites throughout the 50-year simulation, seasonal root zone salinity (saturated paste extract) did not exceed thresholds for salt tolerance for the selected crop rotations for the range of blended applied water salinities.

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Consumptive Use Program (Cup) Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Drought impacts to water footprints and virtual water transfers of the Central Valley of California

Drought impacts to water footprints and virtual water transfers of the Central Valley of California

New Approaches to Irrigation Scheduling of Vegetables

Calibration and Global Sensitivity Analysis for a Salinity Model Used in Evaluating Fields Irrigated with Treated Wastewater in the Salinas Valley

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