Contact Areas in Human Elbow Joints

Goel, Vijay K.; Singh, Dishan; Bijlani, Veena

doi:10.1115/1.3138344

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our findings are, however, supported by the results of contact-area studies in the same joint (Goodfellow and Bullough 1967;Walker 1977;Goel et al 1982), in which a light load produced surface contact at the periphery and a contact-free zone in the depths of the trochlear notch. The central merging of the contact areas with higher loading (Stormont et al 1985;Eckstein et al 1993b) agrees with our observation of a secondary reduction in the incongruity between the joint surfaces when 454 the load is increased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Physiological incongruity of the humero-ulnar joint: a functional principle of optimized stress distribution acting upon articulating surfaces?

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.Investigations into the distribution of subchondral bone density in the human elbow have suggested that the geometry of the trochlear notch deviates from a perfect fit with the trochlea, and that the load is transmitted ventrally and dorsally rather than through the centre of the humero-ulnar joint. We therefore decided to make a quantitative assessment of the degree of incongruity between the two components in 15 human specimens (age distribution 60 to 93 years) with different types of joint surface. Polyether casts of the joint cavity were prepared under loads of 10, 40, 160 and 640 N. The thickness of the casts was then measured at 50 predetermined points, and an area distribution of the width of the joint space represented in a two-dimensional template of the trochlear notch. The reproducibility of this procedure was tested by image analysis. At a load of 10 N, only a narrow space was present ventrally and dorsally in the joint, but in the depths of the trochlear notch a width of 0.5 to 1 mm was recorded in the centre, and up to 3 mm at its medial and lateral edges. Specimens with continuous articular cartilage showed a lower degree of incongruity than those with a divided articular surface. As the load was increased to 640 N, however, the original incongruity between the articular surfaces disappeared almost completely. The joint surfaces became more congruous, probably because of the viscoelastic properties of the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone, and the contact areas merged in the centre of the joint. It is suggested that this physiological incongruity brings about an optimal distribution of stress over the articular surface during the transmission of the load, and it may lead to better nourishment of the articular cartilage by providing intermittent mechanical stimulation and circulation of the synovial fluid.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Physiological incongruity of the humero-ulnar joint: a functional principle of optimized stress distribution acting upon articulating surfaces?

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To do this, aqueous sodium chloride solution with a mass fraction w = 0.043 was used in place of pure water. This concentration corresponds to the upper value of salinity in the open seas, e.g., the Red Sea, and the results are relevant to permanent storage of CO 2 as hydrate in deep-sea sediments [27] and methane production from gas hydrate [3]. However, the system has not been investigated thoroughly, especially along the HL 1 L 2 equilibrium curve.…”

Section: Carbon Dioxide Hydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequestration of captured CO 2 in hydrate form within deep oceanic sediments, possibly with beneficial displacement of trapped methane, has also been considered as a viable solution for CO 2 mitigation [3,4]. Indeed, both the capture and sequestration of CO 2 might exploit hydrate formation [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase behaviour of mixed-gas hydrate systems containing carbon dioxide

Ruffine

Trusler

2010

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…First, the total area through which force can be transmitted can never exceed that of the smaller of a mating pair of joints. Secondly, even the smaller of the mating pair is virtually never fully loaded (Schemer et al, 1979;Goel et al, 1982). This implies that joint surfaces are overbuilt for the normal forces they transmit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Limb joint surface areas and their ratios in Malagasy lemurs and other mammals

Godfrey

Sutherland

Paine

et al. 1995

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface areas of humeral and femoral heads scale largely as a function of body size. However, differences in the relative sizes of these articular surfaces are correlated with differential joint mobility and force transmission through fore- and hindlimbs. They can therefore assist interpretation of the positional behavior of extinct species. In this paper, we document variation in ratios of humeral head surface area to femoral head surface area among extant primates and other mammals. We then examine a group of extinct primates: the subfossil lemurs of Madagascar. Many Malagasy lemurs, including some giant extinct species with very long forelimbs and short hindlimbs, have relatively small humeral heads and large femoral heads. We explore the adaptive implications of this pattern.

show abstract

Contact Areas in Human Elbow Joints

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological incongruity of the humero-ulnar joint: a functional principle of optimized stress distribution acting upon articulating surfaces?

Physiological incongruity of the humero-ulnar joint: a functional principle of optimized stress distribution acting upon articulating surfaces?

Phase behaviour of mixed-gas hydrate systems containing carbon dioxide

Limb joint surface areas and their ratios in Malagasy lemurs and other mammals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About