Contact Toxicity of Certain Conventional Insecticides to European Honeybee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus

nakar, Rat; Rao, Shrikantha S.; Sridevi, D.; Vidyasagar, B.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.401

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Lower concentrations exhibited more conservative mortality rates. These findings align closely with previous studies by Farooqi et al (2015), Melisie et al (2015), Stanley et al (2015), Ratnakar et al (2017), Yeebo et al (2020, Farooqi et al (2020), and Gokulakrishnan et al (2021), all highlighting the high toxicity of profenophos to A. mellifera. These studies consistently report complete bee mortality within 24 to 48 hours of exposure, emphasizing the urgent need for effective mitigation strategies to protect honeybee populations from the adverse effects of profenophos and other agrochemicals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Concentrations ranging from 0.005% to 0.07% resulted in considerable bee mortality, with the highest mortality rates observed at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.07%. These findings align with previous research by Attri and Sharma (1969), Kumar and Gupta (2007), Aupinel et al (2007), Ratnakar et al (2017), Chen et al (2020), Dai et al (2019), andYang et al (2019), which highlight the toxic effects of dimethoate on honeybee populations. Furthermore, the study underscores the potential synergistic effect of dimethoate with other pesticides, as observed by Calatayud-Vernich et al (2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings are consistent with previous research by Abrol and Androta (2003) and Sharma and Abrol (2005), indicating the toxic impact of chlorpyriphos on honeybee populations. Moreover, studies by Letelier et al (2012), Calatayud-Vernich et al (2016, Ratnakar et al (2017), and Dai et al (2017) further support these observations, emphasizing the prolonged and significant effects of chlorpyriphos on honeybee survival. Overall, these findings underscore the urgent need for effective strategies to mitigate pesticide exposure and safeguard honeybee populations, essential for maintaining ecosystem balance and agricultural productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Ayoub,

Yaqoob,

Kanth

et al. 2024

Preprint

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European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) plays a vital role as a pollinator, contributing significantly to global ecosystems and agricultural productivity. However, their populations are increasingly threatened, primarily due to exposure to pesticides, particularly organophosphates, commonly used in agriculture for pest control. In this study, insecticides including chlorpyriphos 20 EC, dimethoate 30 EC, and profenophos 50 EC were evaluated at various concentrations (0.005–0.09%) through topical and oral application methods. Results showed significant mortality in experimental bees across all concentrations of the insecticides, with higher mortality observed in oral exposure. Mortality increased with concentration and time, with chlorpyriphos 20 EC exhibiting mortality percentages ranging from 6.67–100%, dimethoate 30 EC from 0.00–100%, and profenophos 50 EC from 8.33–100%. Toxicity assessment revealed lowest LC50 values in chlorpyriphos 20 EC (0.008) and dimethoate 30 EC (0.007) through topical and oral methods at 24 hours after treatment (HAT), respectively. Relative toxicity, extrapolated from LD50 values, was highest in chlorpyriphos 20 EC (1.62) and dimethoate 30 EC (1.85) through topical and oral methods at 24 HAT, respectively. Profenophos 50 EC exhibited the lowest safety index (0.26) through topical application and dimethoate 30 EC (0.23) through oral application at 24 HAT. Overall, the study highlights the negative impact of insecticides on A. mellifera and underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive evaluation of the risks posed by current pest control practices to honey bees and other essential pollinators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Ayoub,

Yaqoob,

Kanth

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…mellifera ). Some of those papers reported only slight toxicity [ 97 , 106 , 107 ] or the absence of effects in field applications [ 108 ]. The first studies were conducted in the 1980s and reported high mortality and reduction in the survival of A .…”

Section: Effects Of Botanical Biopesticides On Eusocial Beesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Botanical Biopesticides Safe for Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)?

Catania

Lima

Potrich

et al. 2023

Insects

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The recent global decline in insect populations is of particular concern for pollinators. Wild and managed bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) are of primary environmental and economic importance because of their role in pollinating cultivated and wild plants, and synthetic pesticides are among the major factors contributing to their decline. Botanical biopesticides may be a viable alternative to synthetic pesticides in plant defence due to their high selectivity and short environmental persistence. In recent years, scientific progress has been made to improve the development and effectiveness of these products. However, knowledge regarding their adverse effects on the environment and non-target species is still scarce, especially when compared to that of synthetic products. Here, we summarize the studies concerning the toxicity of botanical biopesticides on the different groups of social and solitary bees. We highlight the lethal and sublethal effects of these products on bees, the lack of a uniform protocol to assess the risks of biopesticides on pollinators, and the scarcity of studies on specific groups of bees, such as the large and diverse group of solitary bees. Results show that botanical biopesticides cause lethal effects and a large number of sublethal effects on bees. However, the toxicity is limited when comparing the effects of these compounds with those of synthetic compounds.

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“…Contrastingly, Badshah et al (2017) showed that pure oil and seed extract of neem are proven to be less toxic to natural enemies than synthetic insecticides. Moreover, Ratnakar et al (2017) reported that organophosphates and pyrethroids were significantly more toxic to pollinators than neem oil, according to the toxicity classes stablished by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stink Bug Population Fluctuation and Control in Sour Passion Fruit Orchards in Southern Brazil

et al. 2019

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Sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims, 1818) crops in Brazil are drawing attention due to the national production, and the increasing consumption of this fruit as fresh and processed products. However, fruit losses due to damages caused by stink bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are concerning to fruit growers in southern Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the population fluctuation and control of stink bugs in P. edulis crops grown in the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 crop seasons in Araquari, SC, Brazil, using natural and synthetic insecticides. The stink bug population was evaluated using the 0.25 m2 frame technique. The evaluations were carried out weekly during the two crop seasons. The species and distribution of stink bugs in the different parts of the plant were evaluated. The insecticides and rates used were: Neenmax (azadirachtin 1.0%) at 10 mL L-1; Orobor N1 (N-citric acid 1.0% + 0.20% B) at 2 mL L-1; and Decis 25 EC (deltamethrin 2.5%) at 1 mL L-1, diluted in aqueous solution. Specimens of three stink bug species where found: 86% Diactor bilineatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae); 13.5% Holhymenia histrio (Hemiptera: Coreidae), and 0.5% Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). The D. bilineatus species presented higher frequency, constancy, and dominance during the evaluated crop seasons; 64% of the stink bugs were found on fruits, 18.5% on leaves, 7.3% on floral buds, 5.8% on flowers, and 4.4% on branches. The use of azadirachtin or deltamethrin was efficient to reduce the stink bug infestation and the number of P. edulis withered fruits.

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Contact Toxicity of Certain Conventional Insecticides to European Honeybee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Are Botanical Biopesticides Safe for Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)?

Stink Bug Population Fluctuation and Control in Sour Passion Fruit Orchards in Southern Brazil

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