Contactless Measurement of Angular Velocity Using Circularly Polarized Antennas

Sipal, Vit; Narbudowicz, Adam; Ammann, Max J.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2014.2385815

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Precision can be improved by merely averaging the time between peaks. Other related sensors for measuring angular spatial variables are reported in [48][49][50]. …”

Section: Angular Displacement and Velocity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry-Related Electromagnetic Properties of Resonator-Loaded Transmission Lines and Applications

Naqui

Mata

et al. 2015

Applied Sciences

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This paper reviews the recent progress in the analysis and applications of the symmetry-related electromagnetic properties of transmission lines loaded with symmetric configurations of resonant elements. It will be shown that the transmission characteristics of these reactively loaded lines can be controlled by the relative orientation between the line and the resonant elements. Two main types of loaded lines are considered: (i) resonance-based structures; and (ii) frequency-splitting structures. In resonance-based transmission lines, a line is loaded with a single resonant (and symmetric) element. For a perfectly symmetric structure, the line is transparent if the line and resonator exhibit symmetry planes of different electromagnetic nature (electric or magnetic wall), whereas the line exhibits a notch (resonance) in the transmission coefficient if the symmetry planes behave as either electric or magnetic walls (symmetric configuration), or if symmetry is broken. In frequency-splitting lines, paired resonators are typically loaded to the transmission line; the structure exhibits a single notch for the symmetric configuration, whereas generally two split notches appear when symmetry is disrupted. Applications of these structures include microwave sensors (e.g., contactless sensors of spatial variables), selective mode suppressors (of application in common-mode suppressed differential lines, for instance) and spectral signature barcodes, among others.

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“…Precision can be improved by merely averaging the time between peaks. Other related sensors for measuring angular spatial variables are reported in [48][49][50]. …”

Section: Angular Displacement and Velocity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry-Related Electromagnetic Properties of Resonator-Loaded Transmission Lines and Applications

Naqui

Mata

et al. 2015

Applied Sciences

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“…This metamaterial-inspired sensor exhibits a dynamic range of up to 180 degrees and requires a bandwidth of 350 MHz around the center frequency of 1.0 GHz, since the angular encoding is based on the downshift of the minimum transmission coefficient of the device. A procedure for recovering the angular velocity by using two circularly polarized antennas with a demodulator for Frequency Modulated (FM) carriers, is shown in Reference [32]. A solution relying on ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID tags has been presented in Reference [33], where the rotation speed is inferred by exploiting the level of polarization mismatch in the time domain between the reader and the tag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Sensor for Angular Rotation Monitoring

Genovesi

Costa

Borgese³

et al. 2018

Technologies

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A novel, chipless, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor is proposed for monitoring angular rotation. The rotation state is recovered by collecting the cross polar response of a tag, based on a periodic surface composed of a set of dipoles. The encoding mechanism allows the sensor to be very robust, even if it is applied on metallic objects, or in an environment with strong multipath. The proposed sensor does not require a large operational bandwidth. Instead, only a small set of reading frequencies are required. The number of reading frequencies required is dependent on the number of the employed dipoles. It is demonstrated that the rotation state of an object can be monitored within a span of 180 degrees, with up to a three-degree resolution, by employing a chipless RFID sensor comprising of four dipoles. The far field reading scheme and the absence of any electronics device allow the sensor to be employed in harsh environments.

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“…Considerable attention is thus being dedicated to the engineering of angular-displacement sensors due to their potential interest in control systems, such as in the reaction wheels of space vehicles for altitude control and torque measurement, as well as in other relevant applications as seismic scenarios since they are sensitive to structure or ground rotations. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Whereas some realizations of this type of sensors operating at the lowfrequency region have been devised, 12 most of them exploit microwave-measurement techniques based on resonating circuits in their angular-displacement detection mechanism. Attending to the specific measurable that is considered for the sensing process, these microwave-resonator-based angular-displacement sensors can be classified into three different families.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some example of this type, 21,22 includes the microstrip-coupled modified CSRR sensor with its ability to detect the direction of rotation by taking advantage of the asymmetric reflection and transmission phase behavior, 21 and the sensing method of using planar dual circular-polarized antenna pair to detect the phase change that is proportional to the relative roll angle between the two antennas. 22 Recently, a bi-path signal-interference transversal filtering section (TFS) based on two in-parallel transmission lines 23,24 is used as the stator, to which an open-ended rotational stub is attached as the rotor to alter the locations of the transmission zeros (TZs) of its transfer function. Since these TZs are created through the destructive interference of the two signal components inside the TFS whose characteristics are modified with the rotation of the stub, angular-displacement sensing capabilities are gained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional‐coupler‐basedmicrowave sensors for differentialangular‐displacementmeasurement

Chio¹,

Gómez‐García

Yang

et al. 2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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The novel application of microwave directional couplers to develop angular‐displacement microwave sensors is reported. The proposed sensor approach employs as stator a branch‐line‐type coupler arranged in transversal mode by loading its direct and coupled ports with two distinct‐length open‐ended stubs. Thus, by taking the isolated port of the coupler as the stator output node, a bandpass filtering transfer function with transmission zeros (TZs) is created. Then, a rotor made up of an angularly‐moveable open‐ended stub is attached to a curved section of the longest loading stub of the stator through physical contact, so that their interconnection point varies with the angular‐displacement of the rotor. In this manner, the sensor transfer function is altered with the stub rotation through TZ reallocation, angular‐displacement sensing capabilities are achieved. The theoretical operational foundations of the conceived branch‐line‐coupler‐based microwave angular‐displacement sensor, which features single/multi‐band sensing properties in terms of inter‐TZ spacing and stop band attenuation levels, along with design examples and curves are provided. The extrapolation of this sensor principle to other classes of power‐distribution circuits, such as the rat‐race‐type directional coupler, is also demonstrated. Finally, for experimental‐validation purposes, two 920 MHz microstrip prototypes of the conceived branch‐line‐coupler‐based angular‐displacement microwave‐sensor approach are built and measured.

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Contactless Measurement of Angular Velocity Using Circularly Polarized Antennas

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Symmetry-Related Electromagnetic Properties of Resonator-Loaded Transmission Lines and Applications

Symmetry-Related Electromagnetic Properties of Resonator-Loaded Transmission Lines and Applications

Chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Sensor for Angular Rotation Monitoring

Directional‐coupler‐basedmicrowave sensors for differentialangular‐displacementmeasurement

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