“…The ability to code problem constructions and causes reliably and validly at the level of speech turn allows for the examination of how clients' constructions change subtly from moment to moment over the course of therapy, the link between particular therapist interventions and such changes in clients' problem constructions, and the association between changes in client problem constructions, other in-process change events, and treatment outcome. Understanding the link between in-session process and treatment outcome is essential for developing increasingly effective treatments and is, therefore, a primary goal of psychotherapy research (Alexander, Newell, Robbins & Turner, 1995;Biran, Simons & Stiles, 2002;Rice & Greenberg, 1984). One particularly important finding was that we could reliably and validly code blame to other.…”