Context‐dependent dispersal determines relatedness and genetic structure in a patchy amphibian population

Unglaub, Bianca; Cayuela, Hugo; Schmidt, Benedikt R.; Preißler, Kathleen; Glos, Julian; Steinfartz, Sebastian

doi:10.1111/mec.16114

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…Landscape movements requiring individuals to move from mature forest to or through regenerating forests were rare; these movements had the lowest mean and variance of all landscape movements. Similar informed dispersal has been seen in other spatially-structured populations where individuals favor higher quality habitats [4,53,54]. Moreover, Rittenhouse and Semlitsch (2006) found that adult Ambystoma maculatum avoid crossing grassland habitat and our findings suggest that regenerating clearcuts may have similar negative effects on the probability of colonization if situated between a source and destination pond for dispersing animals [55].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Local and Landscape Movementssupporting

confidence: 85%

Salamander Demography at Isolated Wetlands within Mature and Regenerating Forests

Church

Bailey²,

Wilbur

et al. 2022

Diversity

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Geographically isolated wetland and surrounding landscape features affect the ecology and life history of amphibian species. We used multistate mark recapture methods and data from over 30,000 captures of adult Ambystoma opacum to explore how survival, breeding, and movement probabilities differed among wetlands surrounded by regenerating 20-year-old clearcuts and mature 100-year-old forest stands. Survival varied among ponds and years but did not differ between regenerating and mature forest habitats. Both sexes at all ponds incurred dramatic mortality during the non-breeding season of a drought year (2001–2002). Females that skipped one or more breeding opportunities had higher breeding probabilities the following year than did successive breeders. Females exiting into regenerating forests had lower breeding probabilities at two of the three ponds. Breeding salamanders tended to make local movements from regenerating to mature forests, particularly when exiting the pond basin. Landscape movements between ponds were generally low, with few individuals moving from mature to regenerating forest habitats. We conclude that clearcuts continue to negatively impact some demographic parameters of salamanders 20 years post-cutting, but other environmental factors may mitigate these effects, and that populations are probably capable of complete recovery, particularly if some mature forest is retained.

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Section: Factors Influencing Local and Landscape Movementssupporting

confidence: 85%

Salamander Demography at Isolated Wetlands within Mature and Regenerating Forests

Church

Bailey²,

Wilbur

et al. 2022

Diversity

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“…Overall, our models of group dynamics suggest that small groups can theoretically be rescued from extinction by group augmentation via immigration, and our empirical results suggest that smaller groups present more breeding opportunities that should attract more immigrants than larger groups. However, this may rarely happen due to the individual fitness benefits pursued by immigrants and their apparent preference to join larger groups, condemning smaller groups to a higher risk of extinction ( 65 , 66 ) as has been shown in other cooperatively breeding societies governed by group augmentation benefits ( 33 , 67 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group augmentation underlies the evolution of complex sociality in the face of environmental instability

Shah

Rubenstein

2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although kin selection is assumed to underlie the evolution of sociality, many vertebrates—including nearly half of all cooperatively breeding birds—form groups that also include unrelated individuals. Theory predicts that despite reducing kin structure, immigration of unrelated individuals into groups can provide direct, group augmentation benefits, particularly when offspring recruitment is insufficient for group persistence. Using population dynamic modeling and analysis of long-term data, we provide clear empirical evidence of group augmentation benefits favoring the evolution and maintenance of complex societies with low kin structure and multiple reproductives. We show that in the superb starling ( Lamprotornis superbus )—a plural cooperative breeder that forms large groups with multiple breeding pairs, and related and unrelated nonbreeders of both sexes—offspring recruitment alone cannot prevent group extinction, especially in smaller groups. Further, smaller groups, which stand to benefit more from immigration, exhibit lower reproductive skew for immigrants, suggesting that reproductive opportunities as joining incentives lead to plural breeding. Yet, despite a greater likelihood of becoming a breeder in smaller groups, immigrants are more likely to join larger groups where they experience increased survivorship and greater reproductive success as breeders. Moreover, immigrants form additional breeding pairs, increasing future offspring recruitment into the group and guarding against complete reproductive failure in the face of environmental instability and high nest predation. Thus, plural breeding likely evolves because the benefits of group augmentation by immigrants generate a positive feedback loop that maintains societies with low and mixed kinship, large group sizes, and multiple reproductives.

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“…The nearest native northern crested newt population is located over 40 kilometres away as the crow flies (well beyond the lifetime dispersal distance; Arntzen and Wallis, 1991;Kupfer and Kneitz, 2000;Haubrock and Altrichter, 2017;Unglaub et al, 2021). It is unclear if the isolated population in the coastal dunes is the remnant of a formerly larger natural distribution (Creemers and van Delft, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An isolated crested newt population in Dutch coastal dunes: distribution relict or introduction?

et al. 2022

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Isolated distribution patches may represent local remnants of a formerly wider range or could have originated by human-mediated expansion beyond the natural range. Distinguishing between these two scenarios is not always straightforward. Northern crested newts (Triturus cristatus) in the Dutch coastal dunes are disconnected from the main species range by over 40 kilometres and whether they have been present historically is unclear. We genotyped crested newts from throughout the Netherlands for an mtDNA marker to determine the provenance of the coastal dune population. Because a closely related species, the Italian crested newt (T. carnifex), has an introduction history in the Netherlands, we also screened eight nuclear DNA SNP markers diagnostic for T. cristatus vs. T. carnifex. The crested newts from the coastal dunes carry a single T. cristatus mtDNA haplotype that naturally occurs in the south, but not the east, of the Netherlands. Therefore, we cannot distinguish if the population represents a natural distribution relict or is derived from an introduction. We find no evidence of genetic admixture with T. carnifex in the coastal dunes, but such admixture is apparent at another Dutch locality (far removed from a previously known genetically admixed population). Our study illustrates how difficult it can be to determine the origin of isolated populations.

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Context‐dependent dispersal determines relatedness and genetic structure in a patchy amphibian population

Cited by 17 publications

References 106 publications

Salamander Demography at Isolated Wetlands within Mature and Regenerating Forests

Salamander Demography at Isolated Wetlands within Mature and Regenerating Forests

Group augmentation underlies the evolution of complex sociality in the face of environmental instability

An isolated crested newt population in Dutch coastal dunes: distribution relict or introduction?

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