Context-Dependent Regulation of Type17 Immunity by Microbiota at the Intestinal Barrier

Akuzum, Begum; Lee, June-Yong

doi:10.4110/in.2022.22.e46

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…IL-17A is an important cytokine for antifungal immunity, which mediates the antimicrobial immune response and contributes to wound healing of injured epithelium (Akuzum and Lee 2022 ). Thus, we further explored the influence of IL-17A on gut microbiota during C. albicans infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans overgrowth disrupts the gut microbiota in mice bearing oral cancer

Wang,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Mycology

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Candida albicans is one of the most common opportunistic fungi in cancer patients. This study explored the influence of C. albicans on gut microbiota in oral tumour-bearing mice by means of 16S rRNA sequencing and ITS sequencing. It was found that C. albicans infection induced the decrease of alpha diversity of bacteria and fungi in the gut microbiome. For the bacteria, C. albicans caused the reduction of Ralstonia , Alistipes , Clostridia UCG-014 , Ruminococcus , and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group . For the fungi, C. albicans inhibited the growth of other fungi including Aspergillus , Cladosporium , and Bipolaris . The neutralisation of γδT cells partly alleviated the out-of-balance of Firmicutes / Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio in the gut caused by C. albicans infection. However, γδT cell neutralisation boosted the overgrowth of C. albicans . Additionally, IL-17A neutralisation aggravated the microbial dysbiosis of bacteria and fungi caused by C. albicans infection. Further analysis indicated that C. albicans overgrowth might influence the correlations between fungal and bacterial kingdoms. In conclusion, C. albicans infection disturbed the gut microbiota of both bacteria and fungi in oral tumour-bearing mice, which may be associated with the intestinal immune components including γδT cells and IL-17A.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans overgrowth disrupts the gut microbiota in mice bearing oral cancer

Wang,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Mycology

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“…These circuits can clearly participate in a semi-direct pathway of allogenic response in intestinal transplantation; however, their relevance in the rejection process has not been established yet. Furthermore, several unconventional lymphoid populations in the intestinal mucosa may participate in antigendriven activation circuits [47]. Type 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC3) can also express MHCII and participate in antigen presentation to CD4+ conventional T cells [48], but rather than inducing T cell activation, they act as modulators of adaptive responses, inducing Tregs for commensal microbiota [49].…”

Section: Open Questions On Immune Mechanisms Relevant To Rejectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Transplant Immunology and Intestinal Graft Rejection: From Basic Mechanisms to Potential Biomarkers

Rumbo

Oltean

2023

IJMS

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Intestinal transplantation (ITx) remains a lifesaving option for patients suffering from irreversible intestinal failure and complications from total parenteral nutrition. Since its inception, it became obvious that intestinal grafts are highly immunogenic, due to their high lymphoid load, the abundance in epithelial cells and constant exposure to external antigens and microbiota. This combination of factors and several redundant effector pathways makes ITx immunobiology unique. To this complex immunologic situation, which leads to the highest rate of rejection among solid organs (>40%), there is added the lack of reliable non-invasive biomarkers, which would allow for frequent, convenient and reliable rejection surveillance. Numerous assays, of which several were previously used in inflammatory bowel disease, have been tested after ITx, but none have shown sufficient sensibility and/or specificity to be used alone for diagnosing acute rejection. Herein, we review and integrate the mechanistic aspects of graft rejection with the current knowledge of ITx immunobiology and summarize the quest for a noninvasive biomarker of rejection.

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“…Derived from diverse cells such as Th17 cells, γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells, IL-17 is a versatile entity in immune regulation. While it acts as a stabilizer between the host and commensal microbiota, ensuring barrier integrity and microbial balance, its activity is a double-edged sword ( 4 ). Any imbalance in its functions can lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity and has been implicated in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-17 and IL-21: Their Immunobiology and Therapeutic Potentials

Koh,

Kim,

Kang

et al. 2024

Immune Netw

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Studies over the last 2 decades have identified IL-17 and IL-21 as key cytokines in the modulation of a wide range of immune responses. IL-17 serves as a critical defender against bacterial and fungal pathogens, while maintaining symbiotic relationships with commensal microbiota. However, alterations in its levels can lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-21, on the other hand, bridges the adaptive and innate immune responses, and its imbalance is implicated in autoimmune diseases and cancer, highlighting its important role in both health and disease. Delving into the intricacies of these cytokines not only opens new avenues for understanding the immune system, but also promises innovative advances in the development of therapeutic strategies for numerous diseases. In this review, we will discuss an updated view of the immunobiology and therapeutic potential of IL-17 and IL-21.

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Context-Dependent Regulation of Type17 Immunity by Microbiota at the Intestinal Barrier

Cited by 12 publications

References 166 publications

Candida albicans overgrowth disrupts the gut microbiota in mice bearing oral cancer

Candida albicans overgrowth disrupts the gut microbiota in mice bearing oral cancer

Intestinal Transplant Immunology and Intestinal Graft Rejection: From Basic Mechanisms to Potential Biomarkers

IL-17 and IL-21: Their Immunobiology and Therapeutic Potentials

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