Contextual Influences on Posttraumatic Adjustment: Retraumatization and the Roles of Revictimization, Posttraumatic Adversities, and Distressing Reminders

Layne, Christopher; Warren, Judith J.; Saltzman, William; Fulton, John B.; Steinberg, Alan M.; Pynoos, Robert S.

doi:10.4324/9781315821306-9

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…All, however, "described the intervention as having been beneficial and worthwhile, or that they would recommend it for other young people with [firstepisode psychosis]" (Tong et al 2017, p. 571). This remark is consistent with a central insight from the psychotherapy literature that talking about trauma and 'feeling the feelings' of trauma is likely to treat rather than cause retraumatization (Jennings 1994, Vitriol et al 2009, Layne et al 2006).…”

Section: Appendix D: Studies Of Exposure-oriented Clinical Practicesupporting

confidence: 83%

Beyond Retraumatization: Trauma-Informed Political Science Research

Weiss¹

2022

Preprint

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This scoping review takes up the question of whether retraumatization is a concern for social science research practice. It defines retraumatization in the context of psychological research on trauma, evaluates the literature from normative ethics and empirical meta-research on trauma among research participants, and offers a novel framework for understanding different types of best practice recommendations for conducting research on trauma.

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Section: Appendix D: Studies Of Exposure-oriented Clinical Practicesupporting

confidence: 83%

Beyond Retraumatization: Trauma-Informed Political Science Research

Weiss¹

2022

Preprint

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“…In other ways, the physical world allowed residents to find new meanings that helped their recovery. While many others have noted the ability of the physical environment to reproduce negative feelings after disaster (Glad et al 2015; Goenjian et al 2011; Layne et al 2006; Pynoos et al 1993; Scrimin et al 2011), findings here indicate that it can also promote feelings of optimism. This can be seen in the many residents who found hope and comfort in the regeneration of the natural landscape and drew parallels between the recovery of wildlife and of their community.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…Yet, some evidence suggests that physical places may be transformed into sites of secondary trauma. Trauma reminders are cues in the physical environment that represent past traumatic experiences and cause distress (Layne et al 2006). These may be visual, auditory, or olfactory, and they apply to a wide range of traumatic contexts over a long period of time (Glad et al 2015; Goenjian et al 2011; Pynoos et al 1993; Scrimin et al 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Driving Down a Road and Not Knowing Where You're At”: Navigating the Loss of Physical and Social Infrastructure After the Camp Fire*

Brown

2021

Rural Sociology

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Climate‐related disasters are becoming increasingly frequent and destructive. These events result in extensive material losses, but also more abstract disruptions, such as those to identity, well‐being, and community. Using transcripts from 24 qualitative interviews with residents of Paradise, California after a wildfire destroyed their town; I consider the changes to residents' physical and social infrastructure. Physical places provide a structure for social life to play out, and their familiarity offers feelings of belonging and security. But, relationships, routines, and personal histories also inscribe meaning and value on these spaces. After disaster, the loss of physical landmarks hinders residents' ability to navigate their community and inhibits social connections that would otherwise offer important supports. At the same time, new meanings become inscribed on existing places, through trauma reminders (which constrain social life) and positive cues from the natural world (which shift meanings from destruction‐ to recovery‐oriented). Because physical places are imbedded in social context, and vice versa, I examine these processes in tandem.

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“…tensions have the potential to act as powerful stimuli of trauma reminders. Those reminders symbolize or resemble aspects of previous traumatic experiences, and reactivate posttraumatic stress reactions (Brewin et al, 1996;Layne et al, 2006). In other words, trauma reminders are important triggers for bringing up memories related to the earlier traumatic events and play a key role in predicting posttraumatic stress symptoms (Howell et al, 2015;Streb et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connection between the COVID-19 pandemic, war trauma reminders, perceived stress, loneliness, and PTSD in Bosnia and Herzegovina

et al. 2021

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In order to gain a better understanding of what happens during the COVID-19 pandemic to those who were previously traumatized, this study investigated perceived stress and severity of PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in people who experienced the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was also examined how reminders of past trauma and loneliness instigated by the COVID-19 crisis relate to current stress and PTSD symptoms. The sample consisted of 123 participants (74.8% women). Participants responded to assessments of sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to COVIDrelated information, concerns over disease, severity of exposure to war, frequency and intensity of war trauma reminders, loneliness, stress, and severity of PTSD symptoms. Data was collected as part of [edited out for blind review] Global Survey. Results showed that in a population previously exposed to the effects of war, severity of PTSD symptoms was positively related to perceived stress, and loneliness during the pandemic significantly mediated this relationship. Intensity of exposure to war trauma reminders was associated with higher levels of PTSD symptom severity. Higher severity of PTSD symptoms was related to forced displacement during the war. Moreover, higher stress was related to increased concerns over disease. To conclude, those exposed to war may be more affected by the global COVID-19 pandemic and preventive measures that accompany it, while loneliness mediates the effects of PTSD and perceived stress in this population.

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Contextual Influences on Posttraumatic Adjustment: Retraumatization and the Roles of Revictimization, Posttraumatic Adversities, and Distressing Reminders

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Beyond Retraumatization: Trauma-Informed Political Science Research

Beyond Retraumatization: Trauma-Informed Political Science Research

“Driving Down a Road and Not Knowing Where You're At”: Navigating the Loss of Physical and Social Infrastructure After the Camp Fire*

Connection between the COVID-19 pandemic, war trauma reminders, perceived stress, loneliness, and PTSD in Bosnia and Herzegovina

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