Continuity of subsurface fault structure revealed by gravity anomaly: the eastern boundary fault zone of the Niigata plain, central Japan

Wada, Shigeki; Sawada, Akihiro; Hiramatsu, Yoshihiro; Matsumoto, Nayuta; Okada, Shinsuke; Toshiyuki, Tanaka; Honda, Ryo

doi:10.1186/s40623-017-0602-x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Gravity surveys can be used to detect subsurface discontinuities, across which there is a high material density difference, and they can therefore be used to trace buried faults (e.g., Blakely, 1995;Saltus and Blakely, 2011;Wada et al, 2017). Such surveys are able to investigate the general distribution and geometry of large faults in a short time at low cost, although there are limitations regarding resolution on the detection of detailed internal structures of fault zones.…”

Section: Gravity Survey and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural architecture and late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ulsan Fault Zone, SE Korea: New insights from integration of geological and geophysical data

et al. 2023

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Integration of geological and geophysical data is essential to elucidate the configuration and geometry of surface and subsurface structures, as well as their long-term evolution. The NNW–SSE-striking incised valley and parallel mountain range in the southeastern margin of the Korean Peninsula, extending 50 km from Gyeongju to Ulsan cities, are together regarded as one of the most prominent geographical features in South Korea. This paper presents an investigation into the structural architecture and deformation history of the valley and mountain range during the late Cenozoic based on combined data from field observations and gravity and electrical resistivity surveys. Our results based on integrated and reconciled geological, structural, and geophysical data are as follows. First, the incised fault valley can be divided into 1) the northern part, which comprises several distributed buried or exposed fault strands; and 2) the southern part, which comprises a concentrated deformation zone along the eastern margin of the valley. Different deformation features between the two parts are controlled by the lithology of host rocks and by the location and geometry of the neighboring major structures, that is, the Yeonil Tectonic Line (YTL) and the Yangsan Fault. Second, we defined the Ulsan Fault Zone as a NNW–SSE-to N–S-striking fault within the incised valley and along the eastern margin of the valley. In particular, the constituent strands located along the eastern margin of the valley have acted mainly as an imbricate thrust zone, characterized by an east-side-up geometry with moderate to low dip angles and reverse-dominant kinematics in the shallow subsurface during the Quaternary. Third, reactivated strands within the Ulsan Fault Zone during the Quaternary are interpreted as shortcut faults developed in the footwall of Miocene subvertical structures, predominantly the YTL. In addition, movements on the Ulsan Fault Zone and the YTL during the Miocene to Quaternary were arrested by the NNE–SSW-striking Yangsan Fault, which was a prominent and mature pre-existing structure. Our results highlight the spatiotemporal structural variation in SE Korea and emphasize the strong control of the configuration and geometry of pre-existing structures on the distribution and characteristics (i.e., geometry and kinematics) of the subsequent deformation under changing tectonic environments through the late Cenozoic.

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Section: Gravity Survey and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural architecture and late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ulsan Fault Zone, SE Korea: New insights from integration of geological and geophysical data

et al. 2023

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“…Some corrections commonly applied to the gravitymeter such as equipment elevation correction and drift correction were also not required [21]. Hence, it was only Bouguer and terrain corrections applied in data processing to obtain Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA) data [22] representing the presence of areas of locally high or low density in the subsurface of the Earth [23,24].…”

Section: Research Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical modeling of magma chamber of slamet volcano by means of satellite gravimetric data

Sehah

Prabowo

Raharjo

et al. 2022

CST

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Slamet Volcano (3,432 m) is the highest volcano in Central Java, Indonesia, with a weak explosive type of eruption compared to other active volcanoes. Designing the magma chamber model may help reveal the characteristics of Slamet Volcano. The modelling uses the gravimetric satellite data from GGMplus, which is best in spatial resolution compared to other satellite data, i.e. 220 m. Data processing begins with Bouguer correction and terrain correction and has resulted in complete Bouguer anomalies data, with values ranging from 11.068 – 117.451 mGal. Further, residual Bouguer anomalies data were obtained after data reduction to the horizontal surface and removal of regional anomalies data, to obtain values ranging from -67.569 – 38.808 mGal. The residual anomaly contour map shows the lowest anomalous value is under the volcanic cone at positions of 109.21967° E and 7.24281° S which is estimated to be the location of the magma chamber of Slamet Volcano. However, the inversion modeling resulting from the residual Bouguer anomalies data shows that the magma chamber of Slamet Volcano can be observed clearly at positions of 109.22053° E and 7.24719° S. The location of the magma chamber is not perfectly vertical under the volcanic cone but has a slight slope. The obtained model of the magma chamber has a relatively small volume and shallow depth, i.e. about 1 – 4 km. The obtained physical parameters of the magma chamber impact the characteristics of the eruption of Slamet Volcano which tend to be weak explosive.

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“…One of them is gravity anomaly [12]. The gravity method was also applied for fault mapping in some other locations, such as in Nigata, Japan [13] and the Trøndelag Fault in Norway [14]. The gravity method is regarded as a geophysical method with the highest effectiveness for fault structure delineation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity of Great Sumatran Fault in the Marine Area Revealed by 3d Inversion of Gravity Data

et al. 2020

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The Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) is a 1900-km-long fault extending from Lampung, Indonesia, to India's Andaman Islands. The fault location is not only on the land but also in the marine area. Previous studies were only focused on the land area of Sumatra and Andaman Islands even though the marine fault has also impacted earthquakes and tsunamis such as in 2004. As an effort to disaster risk mitigation, this study used the gravity method to map and study the continuity of the GSF in the marine area from the Aceh Province, Indonesia, to the Andaman Islands, India. The gravity data were obtained from Topex with a resolution of 1.85 km/px. Based on the Bouguer data, the subduction zone in the western part of the Indian Ocean is observed with the anomaly of 500–700 mGal, while the residual structure of GSF, relative to the subduction zone, only comes to clarity through a horizontal derivative transformation with anomaly 130-250 mGal. To delineate the fault's geometry, the data were inverted by GRABLOX 1.6 using Singular Value Decomposition and Occam methods. The 3D modeling results also clearly show the contrast density between regional faults such as subduction zones on the Westside of the West Andaman Fault (WAF). The GSF faults can also be well demonstrated at 50 km depth. Based on these results, the gravity Topex is potentially used as a preliminary study of the GSF activity in the marine area.

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Continuity of subsurface fault structure revealed by gravity anomaly: the eastern boundary fault zone of the Niigata plain, central Japan

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Structural architecture and late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ulsan Fault Zone, SE Korea: New insights from integration of geological and geophysical data

Structural architecture and late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ulsan Fault Zone, SE Korea: New insights from integration of geological and geophysical data

Physical modeling of magma chamber of slamet volcano by means of satellite gravimetric data

Continuity of Great Sumatran Fault in the Marine Area Revealed by 3d Inversion of Gravity Data

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