Continuous Crystallization of ZnO Nanoparticles by Spray Flash Evaporation versus Batch Synthesis

Abstract

Regarding the scaled up and accelerated processing of ZnO particles, an advanced continuous pilot plant device is used for ZnO nanoparticle production from a zinc acetate dihydrate solution. A qualitative and mechanistic study is presented to show the feasibility of the process with respect to the formation of semiconducting ZnO nanoparticles. In order to evaluate the continuous approach based on the particle characteristics, a laboratory batch synthesis approach is additionally consulted for conventional preparation. In both cases, the precursor solutions are identical, on the basis of ethanol; no alkaline precipitant is added. The main finding in this comparison is the differing surface chemistry of the particles derived from these two approaches which triggers a whole cascade of differences in particle size distribution and spectroscopic and morphological properties of the particles.

The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)

“…In particular, cocrystals of medical materials are of interest for drug enhancement and were successfully processed through SFE at the nanoscale [ 118 ]. Inorganic nanoparticles were also produced on the nanoscale through SFE by Klaumuenzer et al [ 119 ]. ZnO was crystallized from the precursor zinc acetate dihydrate dissolved in ethanol with addition of water.…”

Spray flash evaporation SFE process: Identification of the driving parameters on evaporation to tune particle size and morphology

“…The present process aims to combine all the operations in one. The Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) was developed at the NS3E laboratory and it proves its ability to produce submicron or nanoparticles of energetic materials or drug compounds [1][2][3][4][5]. The basic principle is well described in literature [6][7][8][9].…”

ANFIS Modeling for Prediction of Particle Size in Nozzle Assisted Solvent-Antisolvent Process for Making Ultrafine CL-20 Explosiv

“…The physical properties such as crystal particle size, shape, morphology, crystalline imperfections, purity and microstructure of the inter-crystalline voids of an existing explosive can be altered. There are wide variety of processes available for tailoring particle size and morphology of energetic materials such as solvent/non-solvent recrystallization [1],continuous crystallization of submicrometer energetic materials [2], spray flash evaporation [3]Yang et al [4] obtained nano-TATB by using solvent/anti-solvent method with a particle size of 60 nm approximately through atomization of solution by a nozzle to small droplets and colliding rapidly with non-solvent flow. There is a need of mathematical model to predict particle characteristics as a function of process parameters to provide a basis for a computer based process control system.…”