Continuous esterification for biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate using economical process

Chongkhong, Sininart; Tongurai, Chakrit; Chetpattananondh, Pakamas

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2008.07.008

Cited by 132 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Investigation of the suitability of lower value lipids, primarily animal fats and waste greases, as feedstocks for biodiesel production has also been reported (Haas et al, 2001;Haas et al, 2003;Chongkhong et al, 2007;Chongkhong et al, 2009). In order to convert the waste by-products from the oil refining process to biofuels under good yield conditions and reasonable industrial costs, different physico-chemical techniques are modified or developed.…”

Section: Vegetable Oil Refiningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique and yield are indicated in Table 2. The authors went deep into their process in a further paper (Chongkhong et al, 2009). In the second paper they proposed a one-step method but also needing an alkaline washing step.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Distillatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiesel production using enzyme catalysts is a more environmentally friendly process and reaches adequate or even higher yields than the previously analyzed processes (Rivera et al, 2009;Yujaroen et al, 2009;Joon et al, 2011). Although these processes involving enzymes are costly (Chongkhong et al, 2009;Haas, 2005;Yujaroen et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2010b;Liu and Wang, 2009;Helwani et al, 2009b;Wang et al, 2007), the enzyme-based processes reduce energy cost as well as tend to have lower waste treatment costs (Dos Santos Correa et al, 2011).…”

Section: Heterogeneous and Enzymatic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conversion of by-products from the vegetable oil industry into biodiesel and its use in internal combustion engines: a review

Piloto‐Rodríguez¹,

Melo²,

Pérez³

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-Biodiesel produced from by-products and waste materials can be an economical way of reducing traditional oil consumption and environmental problems. The by-products from the vegetable oil refining industry such as soapstock, acid oil and fatty acid distillates are suitable for producing biodiesel. The present work is a survey related to the use of these by-products to obtain biodiesel, covering not only the traditional and most widely used acid/base catalysis, but also solid and enzymatic catalysis. Details of the techniques are presented and compared. The advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches are mentioned and analyzed. The synthesis and use of by-products from the vegetable oil refining industry are covered in this work. The use of the obtained biodiesel in diesel engines is also included, demonstrating the disparity between the number of papers related to biodiesel production and engine performance assessment.

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Section: Vegetable Oil Refiningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatty Acid Distillatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heterogeneous and Enzymatic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conversion of by-products from the vegetable oil industry into biodiesel and its use in internal combustion engines: a review

Piloto‐Rodríguez¹,

Melo²,

Pérez³

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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“…43 Portanto, é importante destacar que, para se ter uma produção eficiente de biodiesel há uma grande necessidade por estabelecer desenhos de processo e parâmetros operacionais que permitam: 1-utilizar qualquer matéria-prima independente da sua origem (gorduras animais ou óleos de qualquer grão ou fruto) através da: 1.a-padronização da matéria-prima para empregar o catalisador escolhido de forma eficiente e satisfatória. Por exemplo, através do refino completo ou simplesmente pela neutralização e secagem dos lipídeos, quando for necessário utilizar catalisadores alcalinos como NaoCH 3 ; 1.b-opção pela catálise ácida homogênea [48][49][50] ou sólidos ácidos como catalisadores heterogêneos 51,52 caso a matéria-prima seja constituída essencialmente ou na sua maioria por ácidos graxos, independentemente da origem dos lipídeos. A forma mais comum de transformar AGLs em biodiesel por esterificação é usando ácido sulfúrico, 9,10,16,17,48-50 p-tolueno sulfônico ou alquilbenzeno sulfônico 41 como catalisador; 1.c-opção pela combinação da esterificação seguida da transesterificação 34,36 ou até mesmo utilizando a sequência oposta destas reações, iniciando-se pela transesterificação e posterior esterificação, 37,38 caso o conteúdo de ácidos graxos no óleo ou gordura estejam acima de 2%.…”

Section: Processo Industrial Catálise Alcalina E Catálise áCidaunclassified

Biodiesel: visão crítica do status atual e perspectivas na academia e na indústria

Dabdoub¹,

Bronzel²,

Rampin³

2009

Quím. Nova

104

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Recebido em 27/2/09; aceito em 31/3/09; publicado na web em 7/4/09 BioDiESEL: A CRiTiCAL oVERViEW oN THE CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTiVES AT THE ACADEmY AND iNDUSTRY. This article presents a bibliographic review of research carried out on different alternative processes for biodiesel production. The supercritical and subcritical (non catalytic) reaction conditions, the use of solid basic, solid acid and other heterogeneous catalysts, including the use of immobilized enzymes and whole-cell catalysts are also critically compared with the traditional homogeneous alkaline or acid catalysts that are common on industrial applications. Advantages and limitations of all these processes for the transference from the laboratory to the industry are discussed. A correlation of the chemical composition with the quality parameters of the produced biodiesel is done with aim to stablish adequate procedures for the right selection of the rawmaterial. Castor bean oil is used as an example of inappropriate oil in order to produce a B100 that fulfill all the international physicochemical quality standards. in this article are presented research results to adequate the values of viscosity, density and iodine number of the castor and soybean biodiesel to the international standard limits by means blending these both biodiesels at the right ratio.Keywords: transesterification; biodiesel; catalysts. introduÇãoAumento da demanda mundial por combustíveis líquidos, aquecimento global, segurança energética, vontade política por desenvolvimento nos campos agrícola, social e também energético são pontos que abrem novas áreas de interesse e oportunidades para pesquisas e desenvolvimento na Academia e na indústria, pois são as forças motoras responsáveis pelo renovado interesse na produção de biocombustíveis.Um dos grandes destaques da atualidade na área de biocombustí-veis é o interesse pelo uso de recursos naturais baseados em materiais lignocelulósicos 1-3 para a produção de etanol ou por fontes produtoras de lipídeos usados para a produção de biodiesel.Biodiesel é o nome dado a ésteres alquílicos de ácidos graxos desde que atendam certos parâmetros de qualidade. 4-8 Além de esses ésteres serem derivados de fontes biológicas como plantas e animais, atuam como combustível substituto ao diesel de petróleo, com desempenho muito próximo, não exigindo modificações nos motores. Tradicionalmente o biodiesel é produzido através das reações de transesterificação de triglicerídeos, usando geralmente catalisadores alcalinos, 9 ou da esterificação de ácidos graxos livres, sendo que neste último caso, os ácidos graxos livres (AGLs) são submetidos à reação direta com um álcool de 4 carbonos ou menos, na presença de catalisadores ácidos. 10-12 mais recentemente o uso de diversos catalisadores heterogêneos tem sido descrito na literatura. 13 Transesterificação é o processo de transformação de um éster carboxílico em outro, através da troca do grupo Ro -presente no éster original, por outro grupo semelhante proveniente de um álcool na presença de um catalisa...

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“…Nowadays, biodiesel is produced by well-known process called transesterification and esterification. Regarding the reactions, vegetable oils [1], free fatty acid [2,3] or waste cooking oil (WCO) [4,5] are reacted with short-chain alcohols (typically methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol) [6] using catalysts (e.g. NaOH, KOH, H2SO4) and lipase enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Cellulose-Alginate Membrane for Dehydration of Biodiesel-Methanol Mixtures

Suratago

Panitchakarn

Kerdlarpphon

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Pervaporation, a membrane-based technique, is taken into consideration in order to separate water from biodiesel-methanol mixtures. Several operational conditions in biodiesel production could cause water contamination into the reaction mixture, which can affect biodiesel production and quality. In this study, bacterial cellulose-alginate (BCA) nanocomposite film was applied as a selective membrane in order to separate water from biodiesel-methanol mixtures using pervaporation. For effective operation, factors that affected the performance in the pervaporation, such as concentration of water in the biodiesel-methanol mixtures and temperature of the process were investigated. It was demonstrated that, the BCA membrane has good potential for removing water from the biodiesel-methanol mixtures. Under a permeate pressure of 10 mmHg and 30 °C, the BCA membrane could separate water from the mixture containing methyl ester (C10:0): methanol: water at a weight ratio of 42.3: 52.7: 5 with a total permeate flux of 148 g/(m 2 h) and a water selectivity of 332. The permeate was contained 94.5% w/w water and methyl ester was completely rejected by the BCA membrane. The increase of water concentration in biodiesel-methanol mixtures and the temperature rise resulted in an increase in the permeate flux but lowered the selectivity.

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Continuous esterification for biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate using economical process

Cited by 132 publications

References 13 publications

Conversion of by-products from the vegetable oil industry into biodiesel and its use in internal combustion engines: a review

Conversion of by-products from the vegetable oil industry into biodiesel and its use in internal combustion engines: a review

Biodiesel: visão crítica do status atual e perspectivas na academia e na indústria

Bacterial Cellulose-Alginate Membrane for Dehydration of Biodiesel-Methanol Mixtures

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