Continuous lipase-catalyzed production of esters from crude high-oleic sunflower oil

Enzymatic activity and conformational and morphological studies of four commercial lipases treated with supercritical carbon dioxide

“…Lipozyme RM IM is a lipase from Rhizomucor miehei, immobilized on Duolite A568 [16], a macro-porous hydrophilic granular weak base anion exchange resin, based on crosslinked phenol-formaldehyde polycondensate. The moisture content of Lipozyme RM IM was 3.8 ± 0.2 g/100 g, determined by extraction with dry methanol during 24 h and further titration by Karl-Fischer method (Mitsubishi CA-20 automatic titrator).…”

Transesterification of sunflower oil on single step sol–gel made Al2O3 supported CaO catalysts: Effect of basic strength and basicity on turnover frequency

“…Acid, base, or supported enzyme catalysts were used as heterogeneous catalysts in the transesterification of vegetable oils (Van Gerpen, 2005;Xie and Li, 2006;Chen et al, 1998). For example, Suppes et al (2003) reported metal ion-exchanged zeolites were highly active in the transesterification of soybean oil at 100-150°C temperature range in 4-24 h. Enzymatic catalysts, such as lipases, are environmentally friendly but they are expensive and also decrease of activity was observed when immobilized on a support material (Severac et al, 2011). Commercially available low surface area CaO when used without heat treatment gave 61% biodiesel yield at 65°C and methanol/soybean oil molar ratio of 12 in 1.5 h whereas commercial CaO when heat treated at 700°C gave $94% biodiesel yield, than untreated CaO (Liu et al, 2008;Granados et al, 2007).…”

Characterization of an extracellular lipase and its chaperone from Ralstonia eutropha H16

“…Although lipases are highly chemo-, regio-, and chiral-selective enzymes, they also 45 process esterolytic activities for the carboxyl ester bond cleavage of water-insoluble esters 46 (Jaeger & Reetz, 1998;Reis et al, 2009;Treichel et al, 2010). Lipases can also catalyze the 47 reverse reaction in the presence of a low water concentration (Franken et al, 2010;Park et al, 48 2005; Severac et al, 2011).…”