Continuous Nitrogen Application Differentially Affects Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> in Two Saline–Sodic Soils of Northeastern China

Huang, Lihua; Liang, Zhengwei; Suarez, Donald L.; Wang, Zhichun; Ma, Hongling; Wang, Mingming; Yang, Haoyu; Liu, Miao

doi:10.2134/agronj14.0250

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…N is known to have a negative influence on root growth and development (Monaco et al, 2003;Westwood & Foy, 1999) and to cause shifts in biomass allocation (Andrews, Raven, & Lea, 2013;Irving, 2015). This is paralleled by field studies where in the moderate and severe saline-sodic grasslands of northeastern China, L. chinensis shoot length was enhanced by N application (Huang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nitrogen addition can improve seedling establishment of N‐sensitive species in degraded saline soils

et al. 2018

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Salinization is an important cause of land degradation globally, and these soils are usually nutrient deficient, which inhibits plant establishment and growth. Medicago sativa and Leymus chinensis are important legume and grass forage species, respectively, in China and are frequently used in pasture establishment. We aimed to test whether nitrogen (N) addition can increase the salt tolerance of these two glycophytes and whether the two species inhibit each other at the germination and seedling emergence stages. M. sativa and L. chinensis seeds were germinated separately or together in 0‐, 100‐, and 200‐mM NaCl solutions with supplemental 0‐, 20‐, or 40‐mM N solutions. N addition increased germination percentage and rate, shoot length, and seedling N concentration under moderate NaCl conditions for L. chinensis but had no effect on Na+ concentrations. Conversely, N addition stimulated Na+ uptake in M. sativa, but it had little effect on germination parameters, with salt suppressing N uptake. The presence of M. sativa stimulated L. chinensis germination percentage in mixed treatments. Our results suggest that proper N application may aid establishment of N‐sensitive species L. chinensis in grass–legume mixtures in degraded saline soils, through both direct influence as a nutritional and/or osmotic resource and indirect effect by increasing salt sequestration by M. sativa. N application had little effect on establishment of the N‐fixing species M. sativa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nitrogen addition can improve seedling establishment of N‐sensitive species in degraded saline soils

et al. 2018

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“…L. chinensis is a native, perennial, rhizomatous grass with high palatability and forage value; it is one of the most preferred species for large herbivores (Liu and Han, 2008; Huang et al, 2015). Therefore, it sustains higher relative levels of grazing by large herbivorous (Wang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Overgrazing-Induced Memory Decreases Photosynthesis of Clonal Offspring in a Perennial Grassland Plant

Ren

Hou

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Previous studies of transgenerational plasticity have demonstrated that long-term overgrazing experienced by Leymus chinensis, an ecologically dominant, rhizomatous grass species in eastern Eurasian temperate grassland, significantly affects its clonal growth in subsequent generations. However, there is a dearth of information on the reasons underlying this overgrazing-induced memory effect in plant morphological plasticity. We characterized the relationship between a dwarf phenotype and photosynthesis function decline of L. chinensis from the perspective of leaf photosynthesis by using both field measurement and rhizome buds culture cultivated in a greenhouse. Leaf photosynthetic functions (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, and transpiration rate) were significantly decreased in smaller L. chinensis individuals that were induced to have a dwarf phenotype by being heavily grazed in the field. This decreased photosynthetic function was maintained a generation after greenhouse tests in which grazing was excluded. Both the response of L. chinensis morphological traits and photosynthetic functions in greenhouse were deceased relative to those in the field experiment. Further, there were significant decreases in leaf chlorophyll content and Rubisco enzyme activities of leaves between bud-cultured dwarf and non-dwarf L. chinensis in the greenhouse. Moreover, gene expression patterns showed that the bud-cultured dwarf L. chinensis significantly down-regulated (by 1.86- to 5.33-fold) a series of key genes that regulate photosynthetic efficiency, stomata opening, and chloroplast development compared with the non-dwarf L. chinensis. This is among the first studies revealing a linkage between long-term overgrazing affecting the transgenerational morphological plasticity of clonal plants and physiologically adaptive photosynthesis function. Overall, clonal transgenerational effects in L. chinensis phenotypic traits heavily involve photosynthetic plasticity.

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“…and maize (Zea mays L.) are the main types of vegetation due to the lack of irrigation systems (Huang et al, 2015;Jiang, He, Wu, & Zhou, 2010). Although the physiological responses of L. chinensis and maize to drought or saline-sodic stress are well documented (Huang et al, 2015;Qadir, Noble, Schubert, Thomas, & Arslan, 2006), the potential reclamation mechanisms of grass and maize vegetation systems remain elusive. Whether they may enhance the soil aggregate stability and/or improve the soil physical structure and/or increase the microbial community, these remain to be determined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Grass and maize vegetation systems restore saline‐sodic soils in the Songnen Plain of northeast China

et al. 2018

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Establishment of an appropriate vegetation system for reclamation of saline‐sodic soils requires studies for specific salt‐affected region(s). The phytoremediation of saline‐sodic soils has not been well documented in the Songnen Plain of northeast China. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of grass (G) and maize (Zea mays L.; M) vegetation systems, which were established for 5 years, on soil properties of 10 typical saline‐sodic sampling sites across the Songnen Plain, in comparison with respective nonvegetated areas that were used as controls (CK) for the evaluation of variability among the sampling sites. Physicochemical properties, such as soil moisture, bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, aggregate stability, pH, electric conductivity, total salt, organic C, total N, and C/N ratio, were analyzed. G and M vegetation significantly produced a 108% and 153% improvement in soil quality, respectively. Additionally, metagenomic analysis of the soil bacterial community revealed that vegetation enhanced the ability of the bacteria to survive in saline‐sodic soils, relative to the control. The composition of the bacterial community was highly correlated with all of the soil physicochemical properties. G vegetation had better effects than M vegetation in enhancing soil organic C, total N and aggregate stability, whereas M vegetation more favorably adjusted soil pH, physical structure, and bacterial community than G vegetation did. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that M vegetation has a greater impact than G vegetation on repairing saline‐sodic soils in the Songnen Plain of northeast China.

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Continuous Nitrogen Application Differentially Affects Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Leymus chinensis in Two Saline–Sodic Soils of Northeastern China

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Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Nitrogen addition can improve seedling establishment of N‐sensitive species in degraded saline soils

Nitrogen addition can improve seedling establishment of N‐sensitive species in degraded saline soils

Long-Term Overgrazing-Induced Memory Decreases Photosynthesis of Clonal Offspring in a Perennial Grassland Plant

Grass and maize vegetation systems restore saline‐sodic soils in the Songnen Plain of northeast China

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