Continuous non‐destructive monitoring of <i>Cyperus rotundus</i> development using a minirhizotron

Shilo, Tal; Rubin, Baruch; Eizenberg, Hanan

doi:10.1111/wre.12015

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The minirhizotron system included tubes measuring 60 mm in outside diameter, 2 mm in thickness, and 750 mm in length. The minirhizotron tubes were installed 20 cm from each plant in a row with six replicates (Shilo et al, 2013). Additionally, in-growth cores of a length of 35 cm, a diameter of 10 cm, and a volume of about 2750 cm 3 were installed at a distance of 20 cm perpendicular to the plant rows and the drip line with six replications (Van Do et al, 2016).…”

Section: Minirhizotron and In-growth Core Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting as a Method to Increase the Tolerance Response of Bell Pepper to Extreme Temperatures

Aidoo

Sherman

Fait

et al. 2017

Vadose Zone Journal

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Fluctuations of winter and summer and day and night temperatures strongly influence shoot and root growth, as well as the whole plant tolerance to extreme soil temperatures. We compared the response of a commercial pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrid (Romance, Rijk Zwaan) to a range of soil temperatures when grafted to a new rootstock hybrid (S101, Syngenta), self-grafted, or ungrafted. The new rootstock hybrid was bred for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance. Plants were grown during winter and summer seasons in a plastic greenhouse with natural ventilation. Minirhizotron cameras and in-growth cores were used to investigate grafted bell pepper root dynamics and root and shoot interactions in response to extreme (low and high air and soil) temperatures. Soil and air temperatures were measured throughout the experiment. The variations of the grafted peppers and the ungrafted aboveground biomass exposed to low and high temperatures during winter and summer were higher in the Romance grafted on the S101 rootstock than in the self-grafted and ungrafted Romance. The plot of rootstock S101 accumulated Cl, and the rootstock efficiently allocated C into the leaves, stems, and roots and N into the leaves, stems, and fruits. These traits of rootstock S101 can be used to improve the tolerance of other pepper cultivars to low and high soil temperatures, which could lengthen the pepper growing season, as well as provide highly interesting information to plant breeders.Abbreviations: DAT, days after transplanting; EC, electrical conductivity; ROM, Romance hybrid.Bell pepper yield is severely reduced by abiotic stresses, including low soil water content and low and high root zone temperatures. These stresses affect root and shoot interactions by reducing plant growth and development, causing wilt and necrosis, and retarding the rate of branching and fruit ripening (Ahn et al., 1999). The long bell pepper production season in Mediterranean-like climates usually includes exposure to high and low temperatures during the summer and winter seasons, respectively, making it impossible to take advantage of the plants' full potential. A simple option to ensure continuous production is to breed new cultivars that are better adapted to high and low temperatures. However, due to the lack of practical selection methods, such as genetic markers, it is still a slow and inefficient process . Currently, grafting is regarded as an alternative to the relatively slow breeding methods and is aimed at increasing the environmental-stress tolerance of fruit vegetables (Flores et al., 2010) and enabling the use of the extensive genetic diversity of the Capsicum species scion and rootstock accessions.

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Section: Minirhizotron and In-growth Core Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting as a Method to Increase the Tolerance Response of Bell Pepper to Extreme Temperatures

Aidoo

Sherman

Fait

et al. 2017

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…Field root development analysis can be performed using nondestructive methods, i.e. using minirhizotron digital cameras or scanners (Iversen et al, 2012;Shilo et al, 2013). Root distribution may be also studied using destructive techniques, such as 3D roots system excavation, root sampling and root system imaging in vertical field sections (trenches), soil coring, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root distributions in a laboratory box evaluated using two different techniques (gravimetric and image processing) and their impact on root water uptake simulated with HYDRUS

Klement

Fér

Novotná

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Knowledge of the distribution of plant roots in a soil profile (i.e. root density) is needed when simulating root water uptake from soil. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating barley and wheat root densities in a sand-vermiculite substrate. Barley and wheat were planted in a flat laboratory box under greenhouse conditions. The box was always divided into two parts, where a single plant row and rows cross section (respectively) was simulated. Roots were excavated at the end of the experiment and root densities were assessed using root zone image processing and by weighing. For this purpose, the entire area (width of 40 and height of 50 cm) of each scenario was divided into 80 segments (area of 5x5 cm). Root density in each segment was expressed as a root percentage of the entire root cluster. Vertical root distributions (i.e. root density with respect to depth) were also calculated as a sum of root densities in each 5 cm layer. Resulting vertical root densities, measured evaporation from the water table (used as the potential root water uptake), and the Feddes stress response function model were used for simulating substrate water regime and actual root water uptake for all scenarios using HYDRUS-1D. All scenarios were also simulated using HYDRUS-2D. One scenario (areal root density of barley sown in a single row, obtained using image analysis) is presented in this paper (because most scenarios showed root water uptakes similar to results of 1D scenarios).The application of two root detecting techniques resulted in noticeably different root density distributions. Differences were mainly attributed to the fact that fine roots of high density (located mostly at the deeper part of the box) had lower weights in comparison to the weight of few large roots (at the box top). Thus, at the deeper part, higher root density (with respect to the entire root zone) was obtained using the image analysis in comparison to that from the gravimetric analysis. Conversely, lower root density was obtained using the image analysis at the upper part in comparison to that from the gravimetric analysis. On the other hand, fine roots overlapped each other and therefore were not visible in the image, which resulted in lower root density values from image analysis. Root water uptakes simulated with HYDRUS-1D using diverse root densities obtained for each cereal declined differently from the potential root water uptake values depending on water scarcity at depths of higher root density. Usually, an earlier downtrend associated with gradual root water uptake decreases and vice versa. Similar root water uptakes were simulated for the presented scenario using the HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS-2D models. The impact of the horizontal root density distribution on root water uptake was, in this case, less important than the impact of the vertical root distribution resulting from different techniques and sowing scenarios.

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Fine root dynamics after soil disturbance evaluated with a root scanner method

Nakahata

Osawa

2017

Plant Soil

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Continuous non‐destructive monitoring of Cyperus rotundus development using a minirhizotron

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Grafting as a Method to Increase the Tolerance Response of Bell Pepper to Extreme Temperatures

Grafting as a Method to Increase the Tolerance Response of Bell Pepper to Extreme Temperatures

Root distributions in a laboratory box evaluated using two different techniques (gravimetric and image processing) and their impact on root water uptake simulated with HYDRUS

Fine root dynamics after soil disturbance evaluated with a root scanner method

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