Continuous preparation of functionalised calcium phosphate nanoparticles with adjustable crystallinity

Welzel, Thea; Meyer‐Zaika, Wolfgang; Epple, Matthias

doi:10.1039/b402521k

Cited by 85 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similar to that for apatites (see above), nano-sized particles of TCP, ACP and other calcium orthophosphates might be functionalized and/or doped by various compounds to provide new important properties [200,559,[566][567][568][569][570][571][572], such as fluorescence [569,570], luminescence [572] or a good disperseability in organic solvents [566]. Furthermore, nano-sized calcium orthophosphates might be used as templates to manufacture nanodimensional capsules [573].…”

Section: Other Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophospmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, still other preparation techniques are also known [31,45,147,154,275,355,. Continuous preparation procedures are also available [200,458]. Application of both ultrasound [362,[459][460][461] and viscous systems [462] might be helpful.…”

Section: Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Apatitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These examples emphasize that nanophase materials deserve more attention in improving orthopedic implant failure rates. However, to reduce surface energy, all nano-sized materials tend to agglomerate and, to avoid self-aggregation of calcium orthophosphate nano-sized particles [195][196][197][198], special precautions might be necessary [54,60,120,[199][200][201][202].…”

Section: Micron-and Submicron-sized Calcium Orthophosphates Versus Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophosphates

Dorozhkin¹

2012

AJBE

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Nano-sized particles and crystals play an important role in the formation of calcified tissues of various animals. For example, nano-sized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates in the form of apatites of biological origin represent the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals. Namely, according the recent developments in biomineralization, tens to hundreds nanodimensional crystals of a biological apatite are self-assembled into these complex structures. This process occurs under a strict control by bioorganic matrixes. Furthermore, both a greater viability and a better proliferation of various types of cells have been detected on smaller crystals of calcium orthophosphates. Thus, the nano-sized and nanocrystalline forms of calcium orthophosphates have a great potential to revolutionize the hard tissue-engineering field, starting from bone repair and augmentation to controlled drug delivery systems. This review reports on current state of the art and recent developments on the subject, starting from synthesis and characterization to biomedical and clinical applications. Furthermore, the review also discusses possible directions for future research and development.

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Section: Other Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophospmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Apatitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Micron-and Submicron-sized Calcium Orthophosphates Versus Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophosphates

Dorozhkin¹

2012

AJBE

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“…16 These samples consisted of nanocrystalline-carbonated apatite (Ca:PO 4 3Ϫ molar ratio 1.57:1), nanocrystalline carbonated apatite (Ca:PO 4 3Ϫ molar ratio 1.39:1), nanocrystalline carbonate-free apatite (Ca:PO 4 3Ϫ molar ratio 1.34:1), and amorphous carbonate-free apatite (Ca:PO 4 3Ϫ molar ratio 1.23:1). These particles ranged from 100 to 300 nm in diameter.…”

Section: Nanoparticulate Apatitementioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Phosphate Crystals Induce Cell Death in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Ewence

Bootman

Roderick

et al. 2008

Circulation Research

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297

246

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Abstract-Vascular calcification is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction; however, the mechanisms linking these 2 processes are unknown. Studies in macrophages have suggested that calcium phosphate crystals induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines; however, no studies have been performed on the effects of calcium phosphate crystals on vascular smooth muscle cell function. In the present study, we found that calcium phosphate crystals induced cell death in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells with their potency depending on their size and composition. Calcium phosphate crystals of approximately 1 m or less in diameter caused rapid rises in intracellular calcium concentration, an effect that was inhibited by the lysosomal proton pump inhibitor, bafilomycin A1. Bafilomycin A1 also blocked vascular smooth muscle cell death suggesting that crystal dissolution in lysosomes leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels and subsequent cell death. These studies give novel insights into the bioactivity of calcified deposits and suggest that small calcium phosphate crystals could destabilize atherosclerotic plaques by initiating inflammation and by causing vascular smooth muscle cell death. (Circ Res. 2008;103:e28-e34.)

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“…The DNA-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles were 10-20 nm in diameter, showed good transfection efficiency, and could be stored for weeks without loss of their transfection activity. 7,8,13,14 Moreover, the efficiency of the multishell particles is significantly higher than that of simple DNA-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An efficient calcium phosphate nanoparticle-based nonviral vector for gene delivery

Liu¹,

Wang²,

He³

et al. 2011

IJN

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Background: Smaller nanoparticles facilitate the delivery of DNA into cells through endocytosis and improve transfection efficiency. The aim of this study was to determine whether protamine sulfate-coated calcium phosphate (PS-CaP) could stabilize particle size and enhance transfection efficiency. Methods: pEGFP-C1 green fluorescence protein was employed as an indicator of transfection efficiency. Atomic force microscopy was used to evaluate the morphology and the size of the particles, and an MTT assay was introduced to detect cell viability and inhibition. The classical calcium phosphate method was used as the control. Results: Atomic force microscopy images showed that the PS-CaP were much smaller than classical calcium phosphate particles. In 293 FT, HEK 293, and NIH 3T3 cells, the transfection efficiency of PS-CaP was higher than for the classical calcium phosphate particles. The difference in efficiencies implies that the smaller nanoparticles may promote the delivery of DNA into cells through endocytosis and could improve transfection efficiency. In addition, PS-CaP could be used to transfect HEK 293 cells after one week of storage at 4°C with a lesser extent of efficiency loss compared with classical calcium phosphate, indicating that protamine sulfate may increase the stability of calcium phosphate nanoparticles. The cell viability inhibition assay indicated that both nanoparticles show similar low cell toxicity. Conclusion: PS-CaP can be used as a better nonviral transfection vector compared with classical calcium phosphate.

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Continuous preparation of functionalised calcium phosphate nanoparticles with adjustable crystallinity

Abstract: Calcium phosphate nanoparticles can be prepared in almost uniform size and shape by a continuous precipitation process that also allows their functionalisation by organic molecules (DNA, surfactants).

Cited by 85 publications

References 12 publications

Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophosphates

Nanodimensional and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orthophosphates

Calcium Phosphate Crystals Induce Cell Death in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

An efficient calcium phosphate nanoparticle-based nonviral vector for gene delivery

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