Contractile Properties of Single Permeabilized Muscle Fibers from Congenital Cleft Palates and Normal Palates of Spanish Goats

Hanes, Michael; Weinzweig, Jeffrey; Kuzon, William M.; Panter, Kip E.; Buchman, Steven R.; Yu, Deborah; Cederna, Paul S.; Larkin, Lisa M.

doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000258832.84261.37

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Slow and fast fibers are both present in the soft palate muscles but the slow fibers are more abundant. In contrast, cleft muscles contain a higher proportion of fast fibers and also a reduced capillary supply compared with normal soft palate muscles [29][30][31] . Fast fibers are more prone to contraction-induced injury [31][32][33] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Monroy

Yablonka–Reuveni

Grefte

et al. 2015

JoVE

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Fibrosis and defective muscle regeneration can hamper the functional recovery of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate repair. This causes persistent problems in speech, swallowing, and sucking. In vitro culture systems that allow the study of satellite cells (myogenic stem cells) from head muscles are crucial to develop new therapies based on tissue engineering to promote muscle regeneration after surgery. These systems will offer new perspectives for the treatment of cleft palate patients. A protocol for the isolation, culture and differentiation of satellite cells from head muscles is presented. The isolation is based on enzymatic digestion and trituration to release the satellite cells. In addition, this protocol comprises an innovative method using extracellular matrix gel coatings of millimeter size, which requires only low numbers of satellite cells for differentiation assays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Monroy

Yablonka–Reuveni

Grefte

et al. 2015

JoVE

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“…These type 2 fibers incurred high force deficits of ~30% following the LCP. The finding that values of CSA for these type 2 fibers were half of those for type 2 fibers from nonrepaired cleft palates implies that the fibers may have been rarely activated and loaded, factors important for the determination of fiber size (Timson, 1990;McKoy et al, 1999;Hornberger et al, 2005). The observation of type 2 fibers in only one of the goats may have been a result of the limited number of goats available for study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Effect of Cleft Palate Repair on the Susceptibility to Contraction-Induced Injury of Single Permeabilized Muscle Fibers from Congenitally-Clefted Goat Palates

Rader

Cederna

McClellan

et al. 2008

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Objective-Despite cleft palate repair, velopharyngeal competence is not achieved in ~15% of patients, often necessitating secondary surgical correction. Velopharyngeal competence postrepair may require the conversion of levator veli palatini muscle fibers from injury-susceptible type 2 fibers to injury-resistant type 1 fibers. As an initial step to determining the validity of this theory, we tested the hypothesis that, in most cases, repair induces the transformation to type 1 fibers, thus diminishing susceptibility to injury.Interventions-Single permeabilized levator veli palatini muscle fibers were obtained from normal palates and nonrepaired congenitally-clefted palates of young (2 months old) and adult (14 to 15 months old) goats and from repaired palates of adult goats (8 months old). Repair was done at 2 months of age using a modified von Langenbeck technique. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptMain Outcome Measures-Fiber type was determined by contractile properties and susceptibility to injury was assessed by force deficit, the decrease in maximum force following a lengthening contraction protocol expressed as a percentage of initial force.Results-For normal palates and cleft palates of young goats, the majority of the fibers were type 2 with force deficits of ~40%. Following repair, 80% of the fibers were type 1 with force deficits of 20% ± 2%; these deficits were 45% of those for nonrepaired cleft palates of adult goats (p < .0001). (Elahi et al., 2004;Forrester and Merz, 2004; CDC, 2006). Following surgical repair, 10% to 20% of patients are still not able to achieve velopharyngeal closure (Marrinan et al., 1998), resulting in abnormal speech and other functional deficits that often necessitate secondary surgical correction. This outcome is typically a consequence of either inadequate palatal length or insufficient movement of the pharyngeal walls or soft palate. Soft palatal movement is dependent on the proper functioning of soft palate musculature (Kogo et al., 1996;Marrinan et al., 1998;Berry et al., 1999). Levator veli palatini (LVP; abbreviations listed in Table 1) muscle fibers from normal palates are aligned transversely across the posterior soft palate and when activated during velopharyngeal closure, retrodisplace and elevate the palate (Kogo et al., 1996;Marrinan et al., 1998;Berry et al., 1999). Impairment of LVP muscles of patients with cleft palates may contribute to the incidence of velopharyngeal dysfunction postrepair. Conclusion-TheThe functionality of the LVP muscle is dependent on the fiber-type composition (Hanes et al., 2006; Rader et al., 2006). For normal palates of adult humans (Stal and Lindman, 2000;Lindman et al., 2001) and goats (Hanes et al., 2006; Rader et al., 2006), LVP muscles consist primarily of slow oxidative (type 1) fibers. In contrast, the LVP muscles in nonrepaired cleft palates are oriented in a longitudinal direction, abnormally insert on the posterior hard palate, and at least for adult goats, are predominantly...

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“…19 Histochemistry studies on the levator muscles of humans 20,21 and goats 22 with unrepaired congenital cleft palate found a higher percentage of fatigue-susceptible type II fibers. Even the type I fibers in subjects with unrepaired cleft palate are more susceptible to fatigue than those in normal controls.…”

Section: Velar Stretchmentioning

confidence: 98%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Velopharyngeal Motion in Chinese Children After Primary Palatal Repair

Tian¹,

Li²,

Yin³

et al. 2010

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Contractile Properties of Single Permeabilized Muscle Fibers from Congenital Cleft Palates and Normal Palates of Spanish Goats

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Effect of Cleft Palate Repair on the Susceptibility to Contraction-Induced Injury of Single Permeabilized Muscle Fibers from Congenitally-Clefted Goat Palates

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Velopharyngeal Motion in Chinese Children After Primary Palatal Repair

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