2016
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.94.205121
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Contradictory nature of Co doping in ferroelectricBaTiO3

Abstract: The growth of Co-substituted BaTiO 3 (BTO) films on Ge(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy images confirm the uniform Co distribution. However, no evidence of magnetic ordering is observed in samples grown for Co concentrations between 2-40%. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements show that a 5% Co-substituted BTO sample exhibits ferroelectric behavior. First-principles calculations indicate that while Co atom… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…This means the existence of band gaps for the (001) ultrathin films persists with different thicknesses. Moreover, the (001) surface has been observed experimentally indicating the feasibility for the fabrication of the (001) ultrathin films [ 58 ]. For these reasons, we focus our study on the (001) ultrathin film.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This means the existence of band gaps for the (001) ultrathin films persists with different thicknesses. Moreover, the (001) surface has been observed experimentally indicating the feasibility for the fabrication of the (001) ultrathin films [ 58 ]. For these reasons, we focus our study on the (001) ultrathin film.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Taking the electronic structure into account, the configuration with BaO- termination is adopted to study the ME coupling because of its wide band gap of ~2.00 eV. In further, it is experimentally achievable by the molecular beam epitaxy method, due to the quite small or negligible stability difference between the TiO 2 - and BaO- terminations, especially in the case of m = 3, where the films are deposited at 5 × 10 −6 torr of molecular oxygen at 750 o C with a growth rate of 1 unit cell per 2 min, and are crystalline as deposited, then cooled down to 200 °C with a ramp rate of 30 °C /min in an oxygen environment of 5 × 10 −6 torr [ 58 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This indicates that avoiding interstitial Co is crucial to induce a spin-spiral order in Co-doped BaTiO 3 ultrathin films. Although Pontal et al provided an interpretation of nonmagnetic signals with the aid of DFT, it is insufficient because a detailed study on the formation of O vacancies, which is the main factor resulting in the antiferromagnetic domain, is absent [15].…”
Section: Structural Stability and Magnetic Properties Of Batio 3 Ultr...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, whether it can be utilized to interpret all phenomena appearing in these ferromagnetic replacements needs to be confirmed. For instance, a Co-doped BaTiO 3 ultrathin film grown by Ponath et showed a nonmagnetic signal [15], while a film prepared by Lin et al demonstrated a hysteresis loop [16]. This suggests that a debate exists in BaTiO 3 magnetization with Co substituting Ti.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The details of the LSTO and BTO thin film deposition can be found in our recent publications. 16,17 High resolution high angle annular dark field (HAADF)-STEM imaging is conducted using an aberration-corrected JEM-ARM200F (JEOL USA, Inc.) operated at 200 kV in order to study the interface in more detail. The STEM specimens were prepared using a focused ion beam (FEI Nano 200 Dual Beam).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%