Contrast Baths, Intramuscular Hemodynamics, and Oxygenation as Monitored by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Shadgan, Babak; Pakravan, Amir Hossein; Hoens, Alison M.; Reid, W. Darlene

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-127-17

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This therapy helps reduce pain in upper and lower extremities, edema and inflammation of soft tissue, muscle spasm, and subacute phases stiffness in the joints and helps to improve recovery by training. This treatment is easy to use, affordable, non-invasive, and safe [ 17 ]. Intra-articular adhesions cause stiffness, as do peri-articular and intramuscular adhesions [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Osteoarthritis Knee Management via Contrast Bath Therapy and Physical Therapy

Fokmare¹,

Phansopkar²

2022

Cureus

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One of the body's main weight-bearing joints is the knee joint. For this reason, osteoarthritis typically involves it. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is the condition in which sub-chondral sclerosis of bone occurs, narrowing of joint space is present, and osteophyte formation is seen at the edges of the bone; because of this, there is pain, reduced knee range of motion, and this leads to functional activity limitations. This prevalence is increasing because of a reduced active lifestyle; this is becoming usual in younger populations. Non-pharmacological management of this condition using contrast bath therapy given by different methods like using hot and cold water, towel compression, and smart knee pad device, causes alternate vasodilatation and vasoconstriction helps to reduce pain symptoms. Physical therapy exercises like stretching, strengthening hip and knee muscles, and balance training showed beneficial effects on a range of motion and activities. Articles using keywords were searched on Google Scholar and PubMed, 70 articles were seen of which eight were reviewed that meet the inclusion criteria. Contrast therapy helps to remove metabolic waste by improving blood flow thus reducing pain. Strengthening the hip and knee muscles helps to stabilize the knee joint, and balance exercises help to improve proprioception. From this review, it is concluded that contrast bath therapy is effective in reducing pain when given with different methods of application as compared to individual hot or cold treatment, and given with the help of a device will be more effective than the traditional method. Along with this strengthening of the knee and hip musculature, stretching and balance exercise helps to improve range and functional activity. Exercise and electrotherapy aid in symptom relief and slow the progression rate of this condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Osteoarthritis Knee Management via Contrast Bath Therapy and Physical Therapy

Fokmare¹,

Phansopkar²

2022

Cureus

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“…Contrast therapy has been utilized for several decades with good to excellent subjective and objective results reported. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] This therapeutic approach has been advocated for patients with swelling (acute to chronic), pain, and loss of motion. In addition, contrast therapy has been utilized effectively for recovery post exercise and sport participation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, contrast therapy has been utilized effectively for recovery post exercise and sport participation. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Numerous studies have demonstrated excellent clinical effects with the performance of contrast therapy. [1][2][3][9][10][11] Greenhalgh et al 3 reported in a meta-analysis and systematic review utilizing contrast therapy in the management of both soft tissue injury and post exercise recovery beneficial effects for subjective measures such as fatigue, muscle soreness, and enhanced effects related to optimal recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although numerous studies have demonstrated a positive effect of contrast therapy, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][9][10][11]13 in the authors opinion this intervention is under-utilized due to difficulty in application and the time required to set up the treatment for use. Contrast therapy utilizing warm and cold-water whirlpools or hot packs and ice packs repeatedly in various timed alternations during the treatment session is both equipment and labor intensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects on Knee Swelling, Range of Motion and Pain using a Commercially Available Hot/Cold Contrast Device in a Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Setting

Wilk

Mangine

Tersakjs

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

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Background and Purpose Contrast therapy consists of alternating thermotherapy and cryotherapy repeatedly to assist in the management of acute, subacute, and chronic musculoskeletal conditions. This has been utilized for several decades with good to excellent subjective and objective results reported for patients with swelling (acute to chronic), pain, and loss of motion. Typically, the intervention is performed by either the use of a hot and cold whirlpool or by applying hot and cold packs which can be very time consuming and labor intensive. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a single treatment of the Hyperice X system in reducing knee joint pain, swelling and stiffness in active patients and young injured athletes. A secondary purpose was to measure patient satisfaction with the use of the device. Subjects Fifty subjects (34 males and 16 females) with a mean age of 22.2 +/- 4.9 yrs (ranging from 17 to 45 yrs of age) were recruited. Subjects presented with various types of knee pain, both non-operative and operative, secondary to ligamentous, tendinous, cartilage, muscle, and/or meniscus pathology. The subjects were in various stages of rehabilitation with six in the acute stage, 24 in subacute stage, and 20 in the chronic stage. The subjects participated in a variety of different sports at various levels of competition ranging from recreational to professional. Methods Subjects were recruited from one of two centers: an athletic training room or an outpatient sports medicine rehabilitation center. They were evaluated for baseline pain using the visual analog scale (VAS),verbal patient satisfaction on a scale of 1-10, verbal assessment of knee tightness, knee circumference, and knee flexion range of motion. The Hyperice X was applied to the knee utilizing the contrast setting for a total of 18 minutes with three six-minute cycles, each consisting of three minutes of heat therapy and three minutes of cold therapy. The contrast therapy was applied at the initiation of the physical therapy session and all subjective and objective measures were repeated immediately post contrast treatment. Results The VAS scores significantly improved following the treatment session with the mean score pretreatment of 2.59 and following the treatment of 1.68. Knee circumference improved for mid patella and 5 cm below mid patella, but no significant improvement was noted at the 5 cm above the patella region. Knee flexion improved from 130 degrees pre-treatment to 134 degrees post treatment. Knee extension improved from 2.72 degrees of hyperextension to 3.44 degrees, both of which were statistically significant(p<.001). Conclusion Contrast therapy utilizing the Hyperice X device demonstrated effectiveness in affecting pain reduction, swelling, and knee ROM. A commercially available device providing contrast therapy, may enhance outcomes in athletes after even a single treatment. In addition, the device was found to be easy to use, clinically practical, and demonstrated very high subjective patient satisfaction. Level of Evidence Level 3

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“…In the subacute period, contrast bath therapy (CB) is used to eliminate upper and lower limb pain, soft tissue inflammation, and edema, as well as muscle spasm and joint stiffness, and to aid recovery from training. It is a simple, safe, non-invasive, quick, and feasible musculoskeletal treatment option with a long history (8). Strengthening exercises improve OA knees in different ways, including increasing strength and improving psychological well-being (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Physical Therapy Approach for Grade 2 Degenerative Arthritis A Case Report

Fokmare¹,

Phansopkar²

2022

IJAM

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joint characterized by reduced joint space, osteophyte formation, and subchondral sclerosis of bone. Due to a sedentary lifestyle, the incidence of osteoarthritis is increasing. In the initial stages of OA, a mild reduction in joint space with or without osteophyte formation is seen on X-ray. Pain and stiffness are the main findings in this stage. In this case report, we presented a case of 60 years female patient having pain in the right knee for since2 years which was intermittent. One month back, her pain got aggravated. Because of this, she was not able to do her household work. Came to AVBRH for treatment. Physiotherapy assessment was done according to her x-ray correlating with Kallgren and Lawrence classification; she was having grade 2 osteoarthritis of the knee. Physiotherapy treatment using contrast bath therapy and the Otago exercise program was started showing significant improvement in her symptoms.

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Contrast Baths, Intramuscular Hemodynamics, and Oxygenation as Monitored by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

A Review on Osteoarthritis Knee Management via Contrast Bath Therapy and Physical Therapy

A Review on Osteoarthritis Knee Management via Contrast Bath Therapy and Physical Therapy

The Effects on Knee Swelling, Range of Motion and Pain using a Commercially Available Hot/Cold Contrast Device in a Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Setting

A Novel Physical Therapy Approach for Grade 2 Degenerative Arthritis A Case Report

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