Contrasting effects of flooding on tree growth and stand density determine aboveground production, in baldcypress forests

Allen, Scott T.; Keim, Richard F.; Dean, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.041

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Locations with a greater water level within wetlands typically have decreasing floodplain forest aboveground productivity, but only where mean water level is above the soil surface during the growing season [39]; wetland tree diameter growth is reduced by either drought or flood stress, making wet soils optimal [36]. However, the growth of individual trees can be greater at locations with more flooding that reduces stand density [62]. Years with higher precipitation and hence higher river flow and reliably wet soils can also have both direct effects on alleviating soil moisture limitation of floodplain tree growth [38,63] as well as indirect effects that would enhance tree growth, such as increased cloudiness yielding decreased temperature and heat stress and increased dissolved oxygen content in surface waters [64].…”

Section: Annual Basal Area Increment Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watershed and Estuarine Controls Both Influence Plant Community and Tree Growth Changes in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands along Two U.S. Mid-Atlantic Rivers

Noe

Bourg

Krauss

et al. 2021

Forests

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The tidal freshwater zone near the estuarine head-of-tide is potentially sensitive to both sea-level rise and associated salinity increases as well as changing watershed inputs of freshwater and nutrients. We evaluated the vegetation response of tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to changes in nontidal river versus estuarine controls along the longitudinal gradient of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers in the Mid-Atlantic USA. The gradient included nontidal freshwater floodplain (NT) and upper tidal (UT), lower tidal (LT), and stressed tidal forest transitioning to marsh (ST) TFFW habitats on both rivers. Plot-based vegetation sampling and dendrochronology were employed to examine: (1) downriver shifts in plant community composition and the structure of canopy trees, understory trees/saplings/shrubs and herbs, tree basal-area increment (BAI) and (2) interannual variability in BAI from 2015 dating back as far as 1969 in relation to long-term river and estuary monitoring data. With greater tidal influence downstream, tree species dominance shifted, live basal area generally decreased, long-term mean BAI of individual trees decreased, woody stem mortality increased, and live herbaceous vegetative cover and richness increased. Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia, Ilex opaca, and Fraxinus pennsylvanica dominated NT and UT sites, with F. pennsylvanica and Nyssa sylvatica increasingly dominating at more downstream tidal sites. Annual tree BAI growth was positively affected by nontidal river flow at NT and UT sites which were closer to the head-of-tide, positively influenced by small salinity increases at LT and ST sites further downstream, and positively influenced by estuarine water level throughout the gradient; nutrient influence was site specific with both positive and negative influences. The counterintuitive finding of salinity increasing tree growth at sites with low BAI is likely due to either competitive growth release from neighboring tree death or enhanced soil nutrient availability that may temporarily mitigate the negative effects of low-level salinization and sea-level increases on living TFFW canopy trees, even as overall plant community conversion to tidal marsh progresses.

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Section: Annual Basal Area Increment Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watershed and Estuarine Controls Both Influence Plant Community and Tree Growth Changes in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands along Two U.S. Mid-Atlantic Rivers

Noe

Bourg

Krauss

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Restricted tree and root growth was observed when air capacity was reduced to level less than 15% (Nel and Bennie, 1984). Soil saturation up to close to flooding negativelly affecting growth-related parameters in tree species has also been reported (Sakio, 2005;Oliveira and Joly, 2010;Allen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural Studiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Cattle Manure on Young Plants of Khaya senegalensis Submitted to Different Irrigation Intervals

Mendes¹,

Cairo²,

Leite³

et al. 2020

JAS

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cattle manure on young plants of Khaya senegalensis submitted to different irrigation intervals. A greenhouse experiment was carried out during 2017 cold season, based in a 5x3 factorial arrangement – cattle manure fertilizing with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% doses, and 3-day, 6-day and 12-day irrigation intervals. Water potential, relative water content (RWC), water consumption (WC), water use efficiency (WUE), chlorophyll content estimation (SPAD index), plant height, stem diameter, plant total dry mass and free amino acid and proline content were measured. Irrigation intervals had no significant effect on physiological traits and plant water relationships, except for WUE, which was higher under 12-day irrigation interval. This was assumed as an indication of non-occurrence of water stress, even under the longest irrigation interval. Cattle manure, in turn, played a significant effect on these traits, except for water potential, irrespective of irrigation intervals. Increasing cattle manure doses improved RWC (just doses up to 20%), reduced WC and increased WUE, SPAD index, and both free amino acid and proline contents. On the other hand, growth-related parameters were not affected by cattle manure, but a significant effect of irrigation intervals was observed. Both plant height and total dry mass were lower under 3-day and 6-day irrigation intervals. We suspect a possibly low evapotranspiration, given the relatively low temperatures of that season (14-16 ºC), which may have reduced the demand for irrigation in the experimental period. Thus, soil moisture under the shorter irrigation intervals may have increased until reach to a close to saturation level, limiting the amount of soil oxygen and hampers nutrient uptake.

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“…Additional public health benefits are accrued through peat rewetting to reduce wildfire frequency and intensity [40]; previous studies have documented public health impacts of peat carbon emissions related to a Pocosin Lakes NWR wildfire (e.g., [41]). Studies have also shown that impoundment reduces the level of production in wetlands [42,43]. Studies such as [44] determined that natural tidal freshwater marshes had significantly higher carbon storage and vertical accretion rates than impounded and seasonally drained…”

Section: Management and Carbon In Refugesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of carbon resources and values on public lands: A case study from the National Wildlife Refuge System

et al. 2022

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Public lands in the United States are those land areas managed by federal, state, and county governments for public purposes such as preservation and recreation. Protecting carbon resources and increasing carbon sequestration capacity are compatible with public land management objectives for healthy and resilient habitats, i.e., managing habitats for the benefit of wildlife and ecosystem services can simultaneously capture and store carbon. To evaluate the effect of public land management on carbon storage and review carbon management as part of the land management objectives, we used existing data of carbon stock and net ecosystem carbon balance in a study of the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS), a public land management program of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service). Total carbon storage of the 364 refuges studied was 16.6 PgC, with a mean value 42,981 gCm-2. We used mixed modeling with Bonferroni adjustment techniques to analyze the effect of time since refuge designation on carbon storage. In general, older refuges store more carbon per unit area than younger refuges. In addition to the age factor, carbon resources are variable by regions and habitat types protected in the refuges. Mean carbon stock and the rate of sequestration are higher within refuges than outside refuges, but the statistical comparison of 364 refuges analyzed in this study was not significant. We also used the social cost of carbon to analyze the annual benefits of sequestrating carbon in these publicly managed lands in the United States, which is over $976 million per year in avoided CO2 emissions via specific conservation management actions. We examine case studies of management, particularly with respect to Service cooperation activities with The Conservation Fund (TCF) Go Zero® Program, Trust for Public Land (TPL) and individuals. Additional opportunities exist in improving techniques to maximize carbon resources in refuges, while continuing to meet the core purpose and need of the NWRS.

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Contrasting effects of flooding on tree growth and stand density determine aboveground production, in baldcypress forests

Cited by 20 publications

References 70 publications

Watershed and Estuarine Controls Both Influence Plant Community and Tree Growth Changes in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands along Two U.S. Mid-Atlantic Rivers

Watershed and Estuarine Controls Both Influence Plant Community and Tree Growth Changes in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands along Two U.S. Mid-Atlantic Rivers

Effect of Cattle Manure on Young Plants of Khaya senegalensis Submitted to Different Irrigation Intervals

Conservation of carbon resources and values on public lands: A case study from the National Wildlife Refuge System

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