Contrasting Hydrodynamic Responses to Atmospheric Systems with Different Scales: Impact of Cold Fronts vs. That of a Hurricane

Huang, Wei; Li, Chunyan

doi:10.3390/jmse8120979

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The wave energy in the south (S) was of similar magnitude to that generated by the CF along the coast (Figure 11c,h); the maximum H s was nearly 4 m. Thus, the amount of wave energy induced by the CF was similar to that generated by Harvey, excluding the highest waves of H s > 4 m before landfall, which lasted for 14 h (Figure 11b,g). Synoptic-scale cold fronts occur more frequently than tropical cyclones in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico [35], and these fronts significantly modulate the nearshore circulation [20,36]. In this study, we found that both extreme events intensified alongshore currents and induced highly energetic waves.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Romero-Arteaga

Alegría-Arzaburu

Esquivel–Trava

2022

JMSE

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Extreme weather events such as hurricanes are expected to become more severe with the human-induced increase in average global temperatures, exacerbating the risk of major damage. Efforts to predict these events typically require detailed hydrodynamic data that are difficult to collect in the field. Here, nearshore data collected with three ADCP moorings were used to describe the hydrodynamics induced by Hurricane Harvey along the southern Texas coast. Wave spectra and nearshore current variations were analyzed along the hurricane’s trajectory and compared to other offshore locations. The results indicate that winds intensified along the coast as Harvey approached the Port Aransas coastline. Southerly wind stresses of ~ −0.9 Nm−2 generated ~2 ms−1 depth-averaged flows towards the southwest close to landfall in the north, while flows of ~1 ms−1 and <1 ms−1 were measured in the center and the south of the study site, respectively. The hydrodynamics induced by the hurricane were compared to those induced by an intense synoptic-scale cold front (CF). Both events generated southward-directed alongshore wind stresses of similar magnitudes ( ~ − 0.4 Nm−2) that caused similar depth-averaged flows (0.5 to 0.7 ms−1) and wave energy conditions (Hs of ~ 4 m) in the south. Harvey caused extremely energetic conditions close to landfall in the north compared to the CF; depth-averaged flows and Hs of 2 ms−1 and 10 m were induced by Harvey, as opposed to 0.6 ms−1 and 4 m by the CF, respectively. While intense currents (>1 ms−1) and waves (Hs > 4 m) lasted for less than a day during Harvey, these persisted a few days longer during the CF. This study highlights the relevant role of synoptic-scale cold fronts in modulating the nearshore hydrodynamics, which occur more frequently than tropical cyclones in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Romero-Arteaga

Alegría-Arzaburu

Esquivel–Trava

2022

JMSE

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“…The multiscale, multiphysics nature of coastal ocean flows is attributed to various factors, and wind fields are among those that play an essential role. With the aid of FVCOM, a comparison study was made on effects from cold fronts in 2014 and Hurricane Barry in 2019 on flow patterns inside Barataria Bay [23]. In general, these fronts and the hurricane's wind fields exhibited distinct differences not only in temporal and spatial scales but also in directions.…”

Section: A Discussion Of the Collected Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Multiscale and Multiphysics Coastal Ocean Processes: A Discussion on Necessity, Status, and Advances

Tang

Nichols²,

Wright

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Coastal ocean flows are interconnected by a complex suite of processes. Examples are inlet jets, river mouth effluents, ocean currents, surface gravity waves, internal waves, wave overtopping, and wave slamming on coastal structures. It has become necessary to simulate such oceanographic phenomena directly and simultaneously in many disciplines, including coastal engineering, environmental science, and marine science. Oceanographic processes exhibit distinct behaviors at specific temporal and spatial scales, and they are multiscale, multiphysics in nature; these processes are described by different sets of governing equations and are often modeled individually. In order to draw the attention of the scientific community and promote their simulations, a Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering entitled “Multiscale, Multiphysics Modelling of Coastal Ocean Processes: Paradigms and Approaches” was published. The papers collected in this issue cover physical phenomena, such as wind-driven flows, coastal flooding, turbidity currents, and modeling techniques such as model comparison, model coupling, parallel computation, and domain decomposition. This article outlines the needs for modeling of coastal ocean flows involving multiple physical processes at different scales, and it discusses the implications of the collected papers. Additionally, it reviews the current status and offers a roadmap with numerical methods, data collection, and artificial intelligence as future endeavors.

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“…Investigation of water flow through a total of nine tidal inlets of the Barataria Basin was conducted by Water Institute of the Gulf and Coastal Restoration and Protection Authority (CPRA) in 2019 by deploying fixed instruments at tidal inlets (Barataria Pass, Quatre Bayou Pass, and Fontanelle Pass) and conducting vessel-based surveys at all inlets for flow velocity measurements (15 January -26 September, 2019) available at CPRA Coastal Information Management System (Ramatchandirane et al, 2019). Meanwhile, the water volume flux through four tidal inlets (Caminada Pass, Barataria Pass, Pass Abel, and Quatre Bayou Pass) was estimated from a finite volume community ocean model (FVCOM) by integrating along channel velocity at different layers through the cross-sectional area and further validated with observational data collected in 2019 with more details documented in Huang and Li (2020).…”

Section: Water Flux During Hurricane Barrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the study period (2019-2021), three hurricanes, namely, Barry in 2019, Zeta in 2020 and Ida in 2021 made landfall along the Louisiana coast and appeared to have the greatest impact on DOC distributions and carbon cycling in the Barataria Basin. Hurricane Barry made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane on Marsh Island, Louisiana with maximum reported storm-total rainfall of 0.58 m near Ragley, Louisiana (Huang and Li, 2020). A step increase in DOC concentration following the hurricane passage was mainly observed in Lake Salvador, Barataria and Terrebone bays (Figure 8), with elevated DOC concentrations (7.9-10.2 mg L -1 ) observed in the upper Barataria Basin; we further examine DOC fluxes from the bay into the shelf following the hurricane passage (section 3.4.3).…”

Section: Doc Response To Three Hurricane Passages -Barry Zeta and Idamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic carbon dynamics and fluxes in Mississippi-Atchafalaya deltaic system impacted by an extreme flood event and hurricanes: a multi-satellite approach using Sentinel-2/3 and Landsat-8/9 data

et al. 2023

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Transport of riverine and wetland-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) spanning tidal wetlands, estuaries, and continental shelf waters functionally connects terrestrial and aquatic carbon reservoirs, yet the magnitude and ecological significance of this variable and its spatiotemporal linkage remains uncertain for coastal deltaic regions, such as Mississippi River Delta Plain, which includes Mississippi (MR) and Atchafalaya (AR) rivers and estuaries with vast expanses of wetlands and coastal forests. We examined DOC dynamics and fluxes in this large river-dominated wetland-estuarine system for the period between 2019 and 2021 that included an extreme river flood event in 2019, two major hurricanes (Barry in 2019 and Ida in 2021), and cold front passage using an improved adaptive quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA-AD) applied to multi-satellite sensors (Sentinel 3A/B OLCI, Landsat-8/OLI and Sentinel-2A/B MSI) with varying spectral and spatial (10/30/300 m) resolutions. The DOC estimates from multi-satellite sensors in combination with water fluxes were used to assess DOC fluxes from two large rivers (MR and AR) and small channels across the delta plain. Overall, this system delivered a total of 6.7 Tg C yr-1 (1 Tg = 1012g) into the estuarine zone and the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) during 2019. High DOC fluxes from the AR (1.3 Tg C yr-1) and MR (4.5 Tg C yr-1) were associated with the extreme flood event in 2019. Hurricanes that occurred in the study period also contributed to the wetland and estuarine DOC fluxes into continental shelf waters; for example, the passage of Hurricane Barry in July 2019, delivered over a 3-day period ~1.33 ×109 g DOC from Barataria Basin into the nGoM. Sentinel 2-MSI land and water classification revealed that Hurricane Ida eroded a total of 1.34×108 m2 of marshes in middle Barataria Basin, converting those habitats into open water with 3.0 m inundation depth and high DOC concentrations (16.4 mg L-1), a potentially large DOC source to the coastal waters. Overall, storms and flood events are major sources of DOC flux that facilitate transport of upstream carbon as well as transformation of carbon in the wetlands, through the conversion of vegetated wetland to open water.

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Contrasting Hydrodynamic Responses to Atmospheric Systems with Different Scales: Impact of Cold Fronts vs. That of a Hurricane

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Spatial Variability of Surface Waves and Nearshore Currents Induced by Hurricane Harvey along the Southern Texas Coast

Modeling Multiscale and Multiphysics Coastal Ocean Processes: A Discussion on Necessity, Status, and Advances

Dissolved organic carbon dynamics and fluxes in Mississippi-Atchafalaya deltaic system impacted by an extreme flood event and hurricanes: a multi-satellite approach using Sentinel-2/3 and Landsat-8/9 data

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