Contrasting molecular diversity and demography patterns in two intertidal amphipod crustaceans reflect Atlantification of High Arctic

Grabowski, Michał; Jabłońska, Aleksandra; Weydmann‐Zwolicka, Agata; Ганцевич, М. М.; Strelkov, Petr; Skazina, Maria; Węsławski, Jan Marcin

doi:10.1007/s00227-019-3603-4

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In the high Arctic, deterioration in the extent and thickness of sea ice results in a series of cascading changes (light, temperature, nutrients, sea-ice edge mixing, season extension) that influence surface primary productivity [11], the supply of organic matter to the sea floor [12,13], and the structure of recipient microbial [14] and invertebrate [15–17] communities that regulate carbon and nutrient cycles [18,19]. At the same time, physical changes are causing a weakening of water column stratification such that the Arctic ocean is becoming a more Atlantic influenced system [20,21], with repercussions for the entire marine food web [22–24]. While the retraction of ice northwards results in a well-known poleward shift in species distribution [25–27], and much is known about the functional role of boreal and arctic benthic fauna [28–30], uncertainties remain about how concurrent adjustments in biodiversity and food supply affect benthic biogeochemical responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven benthic invertebrate activity and biogeochemical functioning across the Barents Sea polar front

Solan

Ward

Wood

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Arctic marine ecosystems are undergoing rapid correction in response to multiple expressions of climate change, but the consequences of altered biodiversity for the sequestration, transformation and storage of nutrients are poorly constrained. Here, we determine the bioturbation activity of sediment-dwelling invertebrate communities over two consecutive summers that contrasted in sea-ice extent along a transect intersecting the polar front. We find a clear separation in community composition at the polar front that marks a transition in the type and amount of bioturbation activity, and associated nutrient concentrations, sufficient to distinguish a southern high from a northern low. While patterns in community structure reflect proximity to arctic versus boreal conditions, our observations strongly suggest that faunal activity is moderated by seasonal variations in sea ice extent that influence food supply to the benthos. Our observations help visualize how a climate-driven reorganization of the Barents Sea benthic ecosystem may be expressed, and emphasize the rapidity with which an entire region could experience a functional transformation. As strong benthic-pelagic coupling is typical across most parts of the Arctic shelf, the response of these ecosystems to a changing climate will have important ramifications for ecosystem functioning and the trophic structure of the entire food web. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The changing Arctic Ocean: consequences for biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functioning'.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven benthic invertebrate activity and biogeochemical functioning across the Barents Sea polar front

Solan

Ward

Wood

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…On Newfoundland, the coasts of which have an extensive tidal range from three to twelve meters, G. setosus was recorded higher up on the shore and G. oceanicus lower down (Steele & Steele, 1974). On Spitsbergen, the two species coexist recently, as the G. oceanicus is colonizing the area after the glacial retreat (Grabowski et al., 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Will shrinking body size and increasing species diversity of crustaceans follow the warming of the Arctic littoral?

Węsławski

Legeżyńska

Włodarska‐Kowalczuk

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Temperature is widely regarded as a key factor both directly and indirectly responsible for the diversity of marine fauna. The usual patterns show species richness increasing from cold toward warmer regions among the majority of taxa, at least in the Palearctic and Nearctic (Gaston, 1998, 2000). In poikilotherms, temperature directly controls metabolism and growth rates, and hence, the size of an organism. Species diversity is usually negatively correlated with the size of an organism that was well documented on terrestrial insects (Siemann, Tilman, & Haarstad, 1996). That is why the temperature increase due to global warming is likely to cause a change in average individual size, or selection toward smaller species in communities (Atkinson & Sibly, 1997). Such a pattern has already been demonstrated in pelagic Copepoda (Beaugrand, Ibanez, & Reid, 2000), but it is not yet universal in benthic communities (Mazurkiewicz, Górska, Renaud, & Włodarska-Kowalczuk, 2020). The blurred size pattern among soft-bottom benthos is due to the dominance of polychaete worms and bivalves-two groups in which linear growth is difficult to assess. Peracaridan crustaceans, on the other hand, are likely to be the best model taxon for studies of temperature-related size changes. Peracaridans have no larval stage, and juveniles grow throughout life, with the successive moults clearly demarcating the increments. Egg incubation time, egg size, and gammarid female size are inversely related to temperature (see the review in Steele & Steele, 1975). In addition, not only low temperatures but also oxygen levels are responsible for the large size of cold-water Crustacea, a phenomenon known as "polar gigantism" (Chapelle & Peck, 1999). The Atlantic sector of the Arctic is warming very fast (ACIA, 2005), mainly due to the increasing advection of Atlantic waters (Walczowski, Piechura, Goszczko, & Wieczorek, 2012) that brings boreal species north of their previous limits of distribution

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“…Particularly, Svalbard ecosystems are currently affected by increased heat transport from northward-flowing currents 3,[8][9][10] . The changing environmental conditions in this region introduces a significant impact on shaping biodiversity and the biogeography of many taxonomic groups, such as birds and mammals 11,12 , fish 13,14 , zooplankton [15][16][17] , phytoplankton 18,19 , and planktonic foraminifera 20,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabarcoding Reveals High Diversity of Benthic Foraminifera Driven by Atlantification of Coastal Svalbard

Nguyen

Pawłowska

Angeles

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Arctic marine biodiversity is undergoing rapid changes due to global warming and modifications of oceanic water masses circulation. These changes have been demonstrated in the case of mega- and macrofauna, but much less is known about their impact on the biodiversity of smaller size organisms, such as foraminifera that represents a main component of meiofauna in the Arctic. Several studies analysed the distribution and diversity of Arctic foraminifera. However, all these studies are based exclusively on the morphological identification of specimens sorted from sediment samples. Here, we present the first assessment of Arctic foraminifera diversity based on metabarcoding of sediment DNA samples collected in fjords and open sea areas in Svalbard Archipelago. We obtained a total of 5,968,786 reads that represented 1,384 ASVs. More than half of the ASVs (51.7%) could not be assigned to any group in the reference database suggesting a high genetic novelty of Svalbard foraminifera. The sieved and unsieved samples resolved comparable communities, sharing 1023 ASVs, comprising over 97% of reads. Our analyses show that the foraminiferal assemblage differs between the localities, with communities distinctly separated between fjord and open sea stations. Each locality was characterized by a specific assemblage, with only a small overlap in the case of open sea areas. Our study demonstrates a clear pattern of the influence of water masses on the structure of foraminiferal communities. The stations situated on the western coast of Svalbard that is strongly influenced by warm and salty Atlantic Water (AW) are characterized by much higher diversity than stations in the northern and eastern part, where the impact of AW is less pronounced. This high diversity and specificity of Svalbard foraminifera associated with water mass distribution indicate that the foraminiferal metabarcoding data can be a very useful tool for inferring present and past environmental conditions in the Arctic.

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Contrasting molecular diversity and demography patterns in two intertidal amphipod crustaceans reflect Atlantification of High Arctic

Cited by 21 publications

References 85 publications

Climate-driven benthic invertebrate activity and biogeochemical functioning across the Barents Sea polar front

Climate-driven benthic invertebrate activity and biogeochemical functioning across the Barents Sea polar front

Will shrinking body size and increasing species diversity of crustaceans follow the warming of the Arctic littoral?

Metabarcoding Reveals High Diversity of Benthic Foraminifera Driven by Atlantification of Coastal Svalbard

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