Contrasting Organic Amendments Induce Different Short-Term Responses in Soil Abiotic and Biotic Properties in a Fire-Affected Native Mediterranean Forest in Chile

García-Carmona, Minerva; Marín, César; García‐Orenes, Fuensanta; Rojas, Claudia

doi:10.1007/s42729-021-00506-z

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Wheat and maize yields were recorded at their highest levels due to the interaction of L×M×A (L2 + M1 + C+Z). Recent studies have explored the interactive effect of soil amendments and fertility under salinity stress [40], interactive between amendments and soil biotic and abiotic stresses [41], mitigating degraded soils using biochar and compost [42], and combination of gypsum and straw pellets to alleviate soil sodality [43]. L1: leaching requirements by 5%, L2: leaching requirements by 10%, M1: raised bed planting method, M2: conventional planting method, CK: control (without amendments), C: compost, Z: zeolite.…”

Section: Wheat and Maize Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Compost, Zeolite and a Raised Bed Planting Method Alleviate Salinity Stress and Improve Cereal Crop Productivity in Arid Regions

et al. 2021

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Soil salinity and climate change have a negative impact on global food production and security, especially in arid regions with limited water resources. Despite the importance of planting methods, irrigation, and soil amendments in improving crop yield, their combined impact on saline soil properties and cereal crop yield is unknown. Therefore, the current study investigated the combined effect of soil amendments (i.e., compost, C and zeolite, Z) and planting methods such as raised bed (M1) and conventional (M2), and different fractions of leaching requirements from irrigation water, such as 5% (L1) and 10% (L2), on the soil physio-chemical properties and wheat and maize productivity in an arid region. The combined application of C + Z, L2, and M1 decreased soil salinity (EC) and sodicity (ESP) after wheat production by 37.4 and 28.0%, respectively, and significantly decreased by these factors by 41.0 and 43.0% after a maize growing season. Accordingly, wheat and maize yield increased by 16.0% and 35.0%, respectively under such a combination of treatments, when compared to crops grown on unamended soil, irrigated with lower leaching fraction and planted using conventional methods. This demonstrates the significance of using a combination of organic and inorganic amendments, appropriate leaching requirements and the raised bed planting method as an environmentally friendly approach to reclaiming saline soils and improving cereal crop production, which is required for global food security.

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Section: Wheat and Maize Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Compost, Zeolite and a Raised Bed Planting Method Alleviate Salinity Stress and Improve Cereal Crop Productivity in Arid Regions

et al. 2021

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“…This study was conducted within the Mediterranean climate zone of Central Chile, specifically in the O’Higgins administrative region, at two locations affected by one forest fire event, either in January of 2017 or May of 2018 ( Figure 1 ). The first research site (affected by a low-severity fire in January of 2017; García-Carmona et al, 2021 ) is in the Pumanque commune (34°35′44.99″ S; 71°42′17.349″ W) toward the east front of the coastal mountain range at an elevation of 100 m. At this place, a mean monthly precipitation of 36.7 mm is registered for the period 2000–2017 ( Center of Climate and Resilience Research, n.d. ). Soils are classified as Aquic Dystric Xerochrepts (Inceptisol), which originated from alluvium-colluvial parent materials, exhibited mainly loam to loamy sand textures, are stratified with 50–120 cm of depth, and have a mean slope of 15% ( CIREN, 1996 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community-Level Physiological Profiles and Genetic Prokaryotic Structure of Burned Soils Under Mediterranean Sclerophyll Forests in Central Chile

et al. 2022

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Forest fires alter soil microbial communities that are essential to support ecosystem recovery following land burning. These alterations have different responses according to soil abiotic pre- and post-fire conditions and fire severity, among others, and tend to decrease along vegetation recovery over time. Thus, understanding the effects of fires on microbial soil communities is critical to evaluate ecosystem resilience and restoration strategies in fire-prone ecosystems. We studied the state of community-level physiological profiles (CLPPs) and the prokaryotic community structure of rhizosphere and bulk soils from two fire-affected sclerophyll forests (one surveyed 17 months and the other 33 months after fire occurrence) in the Mediterranean climate zone of central Chile. Increases in catabolic activity (by average well color development of CLPPs), especially in the rhizosphere as compared with the bulk soil, were observed in the most recently affected site only. Legacy of land burning was still clearly shaping soil prokaryote community structure, as shown by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, particularly in the most recent fire-affected site. The qPCR copy numbers and alpha diversity indexes (Shannon and Pielou’s evenness) of sequencing data decreased in burned soils at both locations. Beta diversity analyses showed dissimilarity of prokaryote communities at both study sites according to fire occurrence, and NO3– was the common variable explaining community changes for both of them. Acidobacteria and Rokubacteria phyla significantly decreased in burned soils at both locations, while Firmicutes and Actinobacteria increased. These findings provide a better understanding of the resilience of soil prokaryote communities and their physiological conditions in Mediterranean forests of central Chile following different time periods after fire, conditions that likely influence the ecological processes taking place during recovery of fire-affected ecosystems.

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“…Thus, efforts towards restoration of ecosystem functions following fires are crucial under scenarios where natural recovery is hampered (Muñoz-Rojas, 2018). In Mediterranean forests of central Chile, the focus of post-fire restoration has been mostly on the recuperation of aboveground vegetation, but the recovery of belowground conditions, including soil biodiversity has been less explored (Marín and Rojas, 2020;García-Carmona et al, 2021). Such studies are critical, as understanding how soil biological and physicochemical conditions behave after fires is of central importance to elucidate ecosystem restoration (Thomas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of organic amendments following land burning has been widely used as a sustainable soil management practice, since they positively impact soil organic matter, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling (Cellier et al, 2014;Guénon and Gros, 2016;García-Carmona et al, 2021). These amendments can immediately boost soil fertility, microbial growth/activity, and plant establishment, while in the long term they improve soil structure and stability, consequently reducing the risks of erosion and nutrients leaching (Guerrero et al, 2001;Ojeda et al, 2003;Larchevêque et al, 2010;García-Orenes et al, 2013;Rhoades et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these results greatly depend on the type of organic amendment used, including origin, stability, and maturity, in addition to the doses and the methods of application to soils (Hueso- González et al, 2018). Among organic amendments, fresh materials as animal manures have been shown to boost microbial activity short after application in fire-affected soils, while more stable materials as compost have been shown to potentially accumulate more soil C in the long term not only in burned soils (García-Carmona et al, 2021), but also in soils under organic agricultural management and pastures (Bhowmik et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respuestas estacionales de condiciones del suelo relacionadas al C y N en un bosque Mediterráneo Chileno afectado por un incendio tras aplicación de enmiendas orgánicas y establecimiento de plantas

Marín¹,

Rojas²

2022

Agro sur

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Comprender cómo se comportan los parámetros químicos/físicos y biológicos del suelo después de incendios cada vez más comunes en ecosistemas Mediterráneos Chilenos es fundamental para facilitar su recuperación. Incorporar enmiendas orgánicas en el suelo para potenciar su recuperación post-incendio es prometedor; pero existen brechas importantes respecto a las respuestas estacionales del suelo tras dichas adiciones. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los efectos de diferentes enmiendas orgánicas (compost, estiércol de ave y porcino) y métodos de establecimiento de planta (siembra o plantación), a través de las estaciones observadas en un bosque esclerófilo Mediterráneo Chileno durante un año. La estacionalidad, más que el tipo de enmienda y método de establecimiento, tuvo un fuerte efecto en la mayoría de los doce parámetros edáficos evaluados. A lo largo de las estaciones, el pH, conductividad eléctrica, contenido de agua, y la estabilidad de agregados fueron menos variables que diferentes formas de C y N, unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) de microorganismos heterótrofos y fijadores de N2 de vida libre, y que las actividades de ureasa y amonio monooxigenasa. Las enmiendas a base de estiércol aumentaron el NO3 y las UFC heterótrofas durante otoño y verano, respectivamente. El uso de compost resultó en una mayor cantidad de materia orgánica y C en el suelo, principalmente en verano. Las diferentes respuestas de propiedades abióticas y bióticas del suelo después de incendios y enmiendas orgánicas probablemente pueden influir de manera diferente en procesos relacionados con recuperación ecosistémica, en particular los relacionados con los ciclos de C y N.

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Contrasting Organic Amendments Induce Different Short-Term Responses in Soil Abiotic and Biotic Properties in a Fire-Affected Native Mediterranean Forest in Chile

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Combined Application of Compost, Zeolite and a Raised Bed Planting Method Alleviate Salinity Stress and Improve Cereal Crop Productivity in Arid Regions

Combined Application of Compost, Zeolite and a Raised Bed Planting Method Alleviate Salinity Stress and Improve Cereal Crop Productivity in Arid Regions

Microbial Community-Level Physiological Profiles and Genetic Prokaryotic Structure of Burned Soils Under Mediterranean Sclerophyll Forests in Central Chile

Respuestas estacionales de condiciones del suelo relacionadas al C y N en un bosque Mediterráneo Chileno afectado por un incendio tras aplicación de enmiendas orgánicas y establecimiento de plantas

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