Contrasting Responses of Web-Building Spiders to Deer Browsing Among Habitats and Feeding Guilds

Takada, Mayura B.; Baba, Yasunori; Yanagi, Yosuke; Terada, Seisuke; Miyashita, Tadashi

doi:10.1603/0046-225x(2008)37[938:crowst]2.0.co;2

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…, Takada et al. ). Differences in species richness response could result from overall habitat differences, specific metrics for estimating structure, and ecological differences in cervid behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability

Landsman

Bowman

2017

Ecosphere

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Citation: Landsman, A. P., and J. L. Bowman. 2017. Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability. Ecosphere 8(2):e01703. 10.1002/ecs2.1703Abstract. Despite the breadth of research on impacts of dense ungulate populations and invasive plants on native vegetation, work involving indirect effects on spider communities is explicitly lacking. Forest spiders depend on palatable insect prey and habitat structure, both of which are affected by herbivory and invasive vegetation. To examine the indirect interactions between spiders and these influential factors, we sampled spider communities, insect prey, and vegetation in paired deer exclusion plots in central Maryland. Spider abundance and richness increased with greater prey density, while increased habitat structure from deer exclusion reduced species richness and the abundance of a dominant web-building species. Multivariate analyses of spider families also demonstrated the importance of both prey availability and structural complexity to spider community composition. This work identifies the importance of both habitat structure and insect prey in defining the composition, abundance, and richness of forest spider communities. A long history of heavy browsing pressure has resulted in local spider fauna consisting of many species that are able to thrive in low-growing vegetation and open forest understories. Such changes to vegetative structure from dense deer populations and invasive plants have the potential to affect these important primary predators as well as araneophagic birds and the nutritional dynamics of forest food webs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability

Landsman

Bowman

2017

Ecosphere

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“…Increases in abundance and species diversity were the main focus of interactions with invertebrates. These highlighted changes in community structure between predator and prey groups as an indirect result of the presence of engineer species (Takada, Baba, Yanagi, Terada, & Miyashita, ). Engineer interactions with plants and plant communities induced a range of reliable secondary responses in biomass or cover associated with impacts on soil nutrient and physical properties (8% of interactions).…”

Section: Which Species Act As Ecosystem Engineers and With Whom Do Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global database and “state of the field” review of research into ecosystem engineering by land animals

Coggan

Hayward

Gibb

2018

Journal of Animal Ecology

118

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Ecosystem engineers have been widely studied for terrestrial systems, but global trends in research encompassing the range of taxa and functions have not previously been synthesised. We reviewed contemporary understanding of engineer fauna in terrestrial habitats and assessed the methods used to document patterns and processes, asking: (a) which species act as ecosystem engineers and with whom do they interact? (b) What are the impacts of ecosystem engineers in terrestrial habitats and how are they distributed? (c) What are the primary methods used to examine engineer effects and how have these developed over time? We considered the strengths, weaknesses and gaps in knowledge related to each of these questions and suggested a conceptual framework to delineate "significant impacts" of engineering interactions for all terrestrial animals. We collected peer-reviewed publications examining ecosystem engineer impacts and created a database of engineer species to assess experimental approaches and any additional covariates that influenced the magnitude of engineer impacts. One hundred and twenty-two species from 28 orders were identified as ecosystem engineers, performing five ecological functions. Burrowing mammals were the most researched group (27%). Half of all studies occurred in dry/arid habitats. Mensurative studies comparing sites with and without engineers (80%) were more common than manipulative studies (20%). These provided a broad framework for predicting engineer impacts upon abundance and species diversity. However, the roles of confounding factors, processes driving these patterns and the consequences of experimentally adjusting variables, such as engineer density, have been neglected. True spatial and temporal replication has also been limited, particularly for emerging studies of engineer reintroductions. Climate change and habitat modification will challenge the roles that engineers play in regulating ecosystems, and these will become important avenues for future research. We recommend future studies include simulation of engineer effects and experimental manipulation of engineer densities to determine the potential for ecological cascades through trophic and engineering pathways due to functional decline. We also recommend improving knowledge of long-term engineering effects and replication of engineer reintroductions across landscapes to better understand how large-scale ecological gradients alter the magnitude of engineering impacts.

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“…Deer density has been estimated to a resolution of 1 km 2 using distribution patterns of faecal pellet densities (see Appendix S1 in Supporting Information). Our previous studies revealed that the estimated density in a 1 km 9 1 km grid provides a good explanation of the impact of deer on biological communities and agricultural crops (Suzuki et al , 2013Takada et al 2008Takada et al , 2010Takagi & Miyashita 2012; see also S1 in Miyashita et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Time‐scale dependency of host plant biomass‐ and trait‐mediated indirect effects of deer herbivory on a swallowtail butterfly

Takagi

Miyashita

2015

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Despite recent attempts to quantify the relative strength of density- and trait-mediated indirect effects, rarely has the issue been properly addressed at the population level. Most research is based on short-term small-scale experiments in which behavioural and/or physiological responses prevail. Here, we estimated the time-scales during which density- and trait-mediated effects manifest, as well as the strength of these effects, using an interaction chain with three organisms (deer-plant-butterfly). A hierarchical Bayesian model was performed by using a long-term data set of deer density in the Boso Peninsula, central Japan (where local densities differ spatially and temporally) as well as densities of the swallowtail butterfly Byasa alcinous and its host plant Aristolochia kaempferi. The time-scale effect of deer on plant quantity and quality was estimated according to the degree of carry-over effects. The negative influence on leaf density showed a temporal saturation pattern over the long term, while the positive influence on leaf quality due to resprouting of leaves after deer browsing showed no clear temporal trend. The net indirect effect changed from positive to negative with time, with the negative density-mediated effect becoming prominent in the long term. Our novel approach is widely applicable in assessing the dynamic impacts of wildlife if the spatio-temporal variability of expansion and/or invasion history is known.

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Contrasting Responses of Web-Building Spiders to Deer Browsing Among Habitats and Feeding Guilds

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability

Discordant response of spider communities to forests disturbed by deer herbivory and changes in prey availability

A global database and “state of the field” review of research into ecosystem engineering by land animals

Time‐scale dependency of host plant biomass‐ and trait‐mediated indirect effects of deer herbivory on a swallowtail butterfly

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