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Temporomandibular disorders: Guidelines and Self-Care for Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic

“…In case of acute or chronic pain present in Temporomandibular Disorders, treatment can be drug-based, however Temporomandibular Pain needs to be evaluated by a specialist in TMD and Orofacial Pain, as it can present different types of typology among the most varied patients. Drug indications should be individualized by type of patient, alerting to the fact of avoiding medication abuse and self-medication [31,32].…”

“…Acute pain presents itself as a condition mainly associated with trauma [32] or in cases of maintaining the patient in a certain position (for example, joint pain after a dental procedure that has lasted a long period); in these cases, therapy will be based on a concept that pain is basically somatic, hardly neuropathic or mixed. Therefore, treatment will be based on some main analgesia fronts, preferably performed with an oral, non-opioid analgesic, such as Dipyrone or Paracetamol, with weak opioids, such as Codeine and Tramadol used only in refractory cases [32]; anti-inflammatory drugs, the preference in these cases is that the medication be used for the shortest possible time, thus avoiding the main side effects, especially those related to the gastrointestinal tract and renal function, the main trend being the use of Ibuprofen or Naproxen [33]. The use of hormonal antiinflammatory drugs (corticosteroids), at first, are not indicated in these cases at first, being reserved for prolonged and refractory cases [32,33]; muscle relaxants and the action of muscle relaxation will have an important adjuvant effect on analgesia, the most used of which are Cyclobenzaprine, Carisoprodol and Baclofen [32].…”

“…Therefore, treatment will be based on some main analgesia fronts, preferably performed with an oral, non-opioid analgesic, such as Dipyrone or Paracetamol, with weak opioids, such as Codeine and Tramadol used only in refractory cases [32]; anti-inflammatory drugs, the preference in these cases is that the medication be used for the shortest possible time, thus avoiding the main side effects, especially those related to the gastrointestinal tract and renal function, the main trend being the use of Ibuprofen or Naproxen [33]. The use of hormonal antiinflammatory drugs (corticosteroids), at first, are not indicated in these cases at first, being reserved for prolonged and refractory cases [32,33]; muscle relaxants and the action of muscle relaxation will have an important adjuvant effect on analgesia, the most used of which are Cyclobenzaprine, Carisoprodol and Baclofen [32].…”

“…For chronic pain that is usually associated with postural errors [30], chronic inflammatory or rheumatologic diseases (for example, rheumatoid arthritis) [31,32]. In such cases, therapy will be based on the concept that pain is generally mixed (somatic and neuropathic), although in most cases the somatic component is the most evident.…”

Mudanças Nas Formas De Pagamento Da Propriedade Predial E Territorial Urbana - Iptu: Uma Análise Acerca Das Novas Possibi-Lidades De Arrecadação Do Tributo Na Gestão Municipal

“…Com a internet, surgiu mais uma forma de comunicação entre as pessoas, sendo inegáveis os benefícios trazidos com sua disseminação e com a rapidez na transmissão de dados e no acesso a informações (Teixeira, 2022). Os benefícios são evidentes, principal-mente pela possibilidade da comercialização de produtos e serviços que, por meio da contratação eletrônica, podem ser levados a qualquer localidade do planeta.…”