Contribuições de uma Intervenção Psicoeducativa para o Enfrentamento do HIV durante a Gestação

Abstract

RESUMO -O estudo investigou as contribuições de uma intervenção psicoeducativa para o enfrentamento da doença entre gestantes vivendo com HIV. Participaram quatro mães com idades entre 29 e 37 anos, sendo que duas souberam da infecção na gestação. Trata-se de estudos de casos longitudinal envolvendo avaliações antes, durante, depois da intervenção e aos três meses de vida do filho/a. Os achados revelaram que a notícia do HIV durante a gestação se associou a grande risco psicológico, pois envolvia imenso esforço de adaptação e sobrecarga emocional potencializadas pelo risco de transmissão do vírus ao filho. A intervenção apresentou contribuições positivas para o enfrentamento da doença e o bem-estar emocional das mães. Discutese a necessidade de ampliar o apoio psicológico dos serviços de saúde a essas mulheres. Palavras-chave: gestação, HIV/aids, intervenção, enfrentamento Contributions of a Psychoeducational Intervention to Cope with HIV during PregnancyABSTRACT -The study investigated the contributions of a brief psychoeducational intervention during pregnancy to cope with HIV among women living with HIV. Participants were four mothers, 29 to 37 years old, two of them diagnosed during their current antenatal exams. A collective study-case design was used to examine mother's accounts before, after and during intervention sessions, as well as an assessment in the third month of the baby. Results revealed HIV diagnosis during pregnancy represented a situation of psychological risk, since it required a huge adaptation effort and an emotional burden caused by the possibility to transmit the disease to the child. In this context, the psychoeducational intervention showed positive contributions confronting HIV and to the emotional well being of the mothers. The need for appropriate psychological support to all pregnant women living with HIV is discussed.

Representações e práticas de cuidado de profissionais de saúde às pessoas com HIV

“…When it comes to the HIV diagnosis, it should be remembered that HIV seropositivity has been fraught with stigma and prejudices since the beginning of the epidemic, constituting some of the factors which allow concealment of diagnosis in the social sphere of the individual. Studies have shown that the fact that the disease constitutes a taboo for several social groups forces people to face psychosocial and emotional challenges which interfere in the disclosure and diagnosis acceptance process, thereby opting for confidentiality (21)(22)(23) .…”

Longitudinal assessment of coping and quality of life over 24 months postpartum in mothers living with HIV

“…Actually, women often feel physically overloaded, refers to more pain, which can restrict mobility and routine activities at the end of pregnancy (Olsson and Nilsson-Wikmar, 2004). The context of HIV adds an extra burden to this scenario, bringing concerns related to navigate the MTCT recommendations to prevention (Ashaba et al, 2017b; D’Auria et al, 2006; Gonçalves and Piccinini, 2015). Despite more frequent healthcare visits, MLWH can still feel a lack of information and support due the complexity and demanding context of pregnancy and HIV.…”

“…Prenatal care involves more visits, examinations, and medication than regular care (Brasil/ MS, 2018), which is usually associated with the limited socioeconomic resources of the families in Brazil, contributing to women's fatigue. In addition, in Brazil, these mothers intensely worry about potential HIV disclosure situations, such as not being able to breastfeed (Gonçalves and Piccinini, 2015). In order to avoid HIV disclosure, mothers often take over the care of the newborn and administration of the medication on their own (D'Auria et al, 2006;Faria and Piccinini, 2015).…”

Aporte nutricional no tratamento do vírus da imunodeficiência (HIV)

“…Devido ao risco elevado de complicações nutricionais, a intervenção baseada nos dados recolhidos por uma avaliação completa, deverá ocorrer logo após o diagnóstico de infecção pelo vírus. Por outro lado, é importante salientar que o seguimento, tal como a avaliação nutricional, são Research, Society and Development, v. 10, n. 7, e4510716378, 2021 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16378 procedimentos essenciais para que haja uma ótima prestação de cuidados por parte do nutricionista (Oliveira, Leite & Claro, 2015;Gonçalves & Piccinini, 2015).…”