Contribution a La Connaissance Du Métabolisme Énergétique Chez Deux Crocidurinae: Suncus Etruscus (Savi, 1822) Et Crocidura Russula (Hermann, 1780) (Insectivora, Soricidae)

Fons, Roger; Sicart, R.

doi:10.1515/mamm.1976.40.2.299

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The respirometer was submerged in a constant temperature water bath maintained at the experimental temperature (T) with ice or with a thermal resistor (see details in Fons and Sicart 1976;Jurgens et al 1996;Magnanou et al 2005). Fig.…”

Section: Metabolism Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica

et al. 2006

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Wild black rat Rattus rattus is regularly infected by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica on Corsica. This report constitutes the only example of a murid rodent that plays an important epidemiological role for the Fasciolosis. We investigated the influence of such unusual parasite infection on black rat physiology by measuring its oxygen consumption at different ambient temperatures. Black rat energy requirements are influenced by body mass, temperature of the experiment and parasite infestation. The influence of the presence of F. hepatica was more pronounced for cold temperatures. The mean increase of 56% in oxygen requirements for infected rats is extremely high, indeed unexpected, according to previous knowledge. These high physiological constraints may be explained by the recent confrontation of the digenean and the rodent.

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Section: Metabolism Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica

et al. 2006

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“…The small body size and low body weight (2 g) of Etruscan shrews goes along with a very high metabolic rate (Fons and Sicart 1976;Schmidt-Nielsen 1984). Etruscan shrews are predominantly nocturnal and have a large whisker array but small (Ͻ1 mm) eyes and prey (among other animals) on crickets that are almost as big as the predator itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Organization in the Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus)

Roth-Alpermann

Anjum

Naumann

et al. 2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Cortical organization in the Etruscan shrew is of comparative interest because of its small size and because the Etruscan shrew is an amazing tactile hunter. Here we investigated cortical organization in Etruscan shrews by electrophysiological mapping. We developed an anesthesia protocol for this very small mammal in which we combined massive application of local anesthesia, very slow induction of general anesthesia, and passive cooling. Under this anesthesia regime, we characterized auditory, visual, and somatosensory cortical responses. We found that large parts of shrew cortex respond to such stimuli. Of the responsive sites, a small fraction (∼14%) responded to visual stimuli in a caudally located region. Another small fraction of sites (∼11%) responded to auditory stimuli in a centrally located region. The majority of sites (∼75%) responded to tactile stimuli. We identified two topographically organized somatosensory areas with small receptive fields referred to as putative primary somatosensory cortex and putative secondary somatosensory cortex. In a posterior-lateral region that partially overlaps with piriform cortex, we observed large somatosensory receptive fields and often polysensory responses. In an anterior-lateral region that partially overlaps with piriform cortex, we observed large unimodal somatosensory receptive fields. Our findings demonstrate a remarkable degree of tactile specialization in Etruscan shrew cortex.

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“…Nectar bats display lower but, nevertheless, impressive hovering V O2 /M b values (Voigt and Winter, 1999;Winter et al, 1998), similar to the maximal rates observed in shrews exposed to low T a (Fons and Sicart, 1976). Respiratory physiologists have found that the flux of O 2 is regulated at multiple steps in the oxygen transport cascade (di Prampero, 1985;Jones, 1998;Wagner, 1996).…”

Section: Fuel Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 81%

The sugar oxidation cascade: aerial refueling in hummingbirds and nectar bats

Suarez

Welch

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryMost hummingbirds and some species of nectar bats hover while feeding on floral nectar. While doing so, they achieve some of the highest mass-specific V O2 values among vertebrates. This is made possible by enhanced functional capacities of various elements of the 'O 2 transport cascade', the pathway of O 2 from the external environment to muscle mitochondria. Fasted hummingbirds and nectar bats fly with respiratory quotients (RQs; V CO2 /V O2 ) of ~0.7, indicating that fat fuels flight in the fasted state. During repeated hover-feeding on dietary sugar, RQ values progressively climb to ~1.0, indicating a shift from fat to carbohydrate oxidation. Stable carbon isotope experiments reveal that recently ingested sugar directly fuels ~80 and 95% of energy metabolism in hover-feeding nectar bats and hummingbirds, respectively. We name the pathway of carbon flux from flowers, through digestive and cardiovascular systems, muscle membranes and into mitochondria the 'sugar oxidation cascade'. O 2 and sugar oxidation cascades operate in parallel and converge in muscle mitochondria. Foraging behavior that favours the oxidation of dietary sugar avoids the inefficiency of synthesizing fat from sugar and breaking down fat to fuel foraging. Sugar oxidation yields a higher P/O ratio (ATP made per O atom consumed) than fat oxidation, thus requiring lower hovering V O2 per unit mass. We propose that dietary sugar is a premium fuel for flight in nectarivorous, flying animals.

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Contribution a La Connaissance Du Métabolisme Énergétique Chez Deux Crocidurinae: Suncus Etruscus (Savi, 1822) Et Crocidura Russula (Hermann, 1780) (Insectivora, Soricidae)

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica

Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica

Cortical Organization in the Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus)

The sugar oxidation cascade: aerial refueling in hummingbirds and nectar bats

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