Contribution de l'écologie du paysage à la diversification des agroécosystèmes à des fins de phytoprotection

Estévez, Blas Darío; Domon, Gérald; Lucas, Éric

doi:10.7202/706195ar

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…However, many studies aimed at biological control aim at exploiting and valuing the action of many natural enemies. This method implies a perfect knowledge of the biology of the pest in question and that of its natural enemies (Estevez et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioecological study of parasitic complexes of aphids in North-West Algeria

Ghelamallah¹,

Bouhraoua²,

Rakhshani³

et al. 2019

Biodiversity Journal

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Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera Aphididae) is the most significant aphid pest of peach trees. Chemical control of this species is a quick and simple method to prevent the development of this pest, however, the massive use of these chemicals poses potential health and environmental risks. This study proposes an alternative biological control approach based on the use of parasitoids to reduce aphidian populations. The study, which we undertook over the course of three years, allowed us to observe almost the same species of parasitoid (Hymenoptera Braconidae) on the vegetable crops taken into exam in the study. However, some species were considered to be absent in the region. Others appeared only during the second and last year of study as

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioecological study of parasitic complexes of aphids in North-West Algeria

Ghelamallah¹,

Bouhraoua²,

Rakhshani³

et al. 2019

Biodiversity Journal

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Effects of climate and land use on the occurrence of viruliferous aphids and the epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf disease

Fabre

Plantegenest

Mieuzet

et al. 2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Barley Yellow Dwarf (BYD) disease is one of the most severe viral diseases in autumn sown cereals. In western Europe, crop losses are mainly due to the PAV species of BYD viruses transmitted by Rhopalosiphum padi, the most abundant aphid in autumn. The proportion of migrant winged aphids that carry viruses in autumn is considered a major epidemiological factor for determining the disease incidence. In the main French cereal areas, during a 6 week period in autumn 1999 to 2002, the proportion of viruliferous R. padi assessed using a TAS-ELISA technique was on average of 4.98 % (range 2.01-9.91 %). Variations according to trap location were correlated with land-use at the regional scale, annual variations being correlated with the climate of the year. Implementations of these results to improve BYD disease management program are discussed.

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The role of weeds in supporting biological diversity within crop fields*

Marshall¹,

Brown²,

Boatman³

et al. 2003

Weed Research

695

541

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Weeds are major constraints on crop production, yet as part of the primary producers within farming systems, they may be important components of the agroecosystem. Using published literature, the role of weeds in arable systems for other above-ground trophic levels are examined. In the UK, there is evidence that weed flora have changed over the past century, with some species declining in abundance, whereas others have increased. There is also some evidence for a decline in the size of arable weed seedbanks. Some of these changes reflect improved agricultural efficiency, changes to more winter-sown crops in arable rotations and the use of more broad-spectrum herbicide combinations. Interrogation of a database of records of phytophagous insects associated with plant species in the UK reveals that many arable weed species support a high diversity of insect species. Reductions in abundances of host plants may affect associated insects and other taxa. A number of insect groups and farmland birds have shown marked population declines over the past 30 years. Correlational studies indicate that many of these declines are associated with changes in agricultural practices. Certainly reductions in food availability in winter and for nestling birds in spring are implicated in the declines of several bird species, notably the grey partridge, Perdix perdix. Thus weeds have a role within agroecosystems in supporting biodiversity more generally. An understanding of weed competitivity and the importance of weeds for insects and birds may allow the identification of the most important weed species. This may form the first step in balancing the needs for weed control with the requirements for biodiversity and more sustainable production methods.

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Contribution de l'écologie du paysage à la diversification des agroécosystèmes à des fins de phytoprotection

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

Bioecological study of parasitic complexes of aphids in North-West Algeria

Bioecological study of parasitic complexes of aphids in North-West Algeria

Effects of climate and land use on the occurrence of viruliferous aphids and the epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf disease

The role of weeds in supporting biological diversity within crop fields*

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