Contribution of explant carbohydrate reserves and sucrose in the medium to bulb growth of lily regenerated on scale segments in vitro

Langens-Gerrits, Merel; Kuijpers, Anne-Marie; Klerk, G.J.M. de; Croes, A. F.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.1170212.x

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…5, it seemed that sucrose and paclobutrazol play an effective role in bulblets' diameter of oriental hybrid lily in vitro. Support findings from the studies of Langens-Gerrits et al (2003) during in vitro culture observed that the high concentration of sucrose had the large bulblets. The increase in bulblets' size was obtained on the medium supplemented with high concentration of sucrose (60 and 90 g/l) in various Lilium cultivars using different explants (Bonnier and Van 1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

In vitro bulb formation of direct and indirect regeneration of Lilium orientalis cv. “Starfighter” plants

et al. 2019

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Background: Lily is one of the most important commercial cut flower species and one of the three major bulb crops in the commercial market. The aim was to assess and establish a suitable protocol for increasing the number of Lilium bulblets and enlarge their size. Methodology: Different plant growth regulators (TDZ, 2,4-D, 2ip, and picloram) at different concentrations for direct and indirect micropropagation were used. Also, the effect of various concentrations of sucrose alone or with growth inhibitor on bulblet formation during three repeated subcultures was examined with anatomical study. Results: For direct shoot organogenesis, culturing leaf explant on MS culture medium containing TDZ (0.5 mg/l) + 2,4-D (10 mg/l) led to the highest number of shootlets after 1 month. For indirect micropropagation, MS was supplemented with 2ip (0.5 mg/l) + picloram (5 mg/l)-induced callus tissues which were differentiated to embryos then weak shoots after 3 months. For more proliferation, the highest numbers of shootlets, leaves, and bulb scales were observed on MS culture medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l of BA plus 0.2 mg/l NAA. Using 60 g/l of sucrose plus 3 or 6 mg/l of paclobutrazol led to the highest number of bulblets/explant for the third subculture. The highest bulblet diameters were recorded with 120 g/l sucrose plus 6 or 3 mg/l paclobutrazol. Conclusion: This study had reached to optimize a suitable protocol for direct and indirect micropropagation of Lilium orientalis cv. "Starfighter" bulbs and increase the number and size of bulbs that can be beneficial for increasing the production and reduce their price. This study will help the producers for commercial purposes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

In vitro bulb formation of direct and indirect regeneration of Lilium orientalis cv. “Starfighter” plants

et al. 2019

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“…Bulb size may be one factor affecting the percentage as bulblets of different size develop on the explants. Main factors affecting bulb size during regeneration in vitro are sucrose, minerals and the amount of parental tissue present (explant size) (Takayama and Misawa 1979, Van Aartrijk and Blom‐Barnhoorn 1980, Gerrits and De Klerk 1992, Langens‐Gerrits et al 2003). These factors may affect phase change by stimulating bulb growth, but also more directly, by a different mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase change in lily bulblets regenerated in vitro

Langens-Gerrits¹,

Klerk²,

Croes

2003

Physiologia Plantarum

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During the development of the lily (Lilium), three phases can be distinguished: the juvenile, the vegetative adult and the flowering phase. Juvenile bulblets sprout with one or a few leaves whereas vegetative adult bulblets sprout with a stem with elongated internodes. The transition to the vegetative adult phase was studied in lily (Lilium × cv. Star Gazer) bulblets regenerating on bulb scale segments in vitro. The phase change was marked by the development of a tunica‐corpus structure in the apical meristem which leads to the formation of an actively growing stem primordium. This structure is absent in juvenile bulblets. Juvenile bulblets first developed competence for phase change during a culture period of at least 6 weeks at 25°C. Subsequent induction of the phase change occurred during a period of 2 weeks at lower temperature (15°C). A major factor influencing phase transition was bulblet weight. Small bulblets never formed a stem whereas large bulblets always formed a stem under inducing conditions. Large bulblets more often formed a stem than small ones but the relation between bulb growth and phase transition was not absolute. A high sucrose concentration, a large explant and a prolonged period for competence development stimulated bulb growth but also phase transition independently of growth. Lowering the concentration of MS‐minerals reduced bulb growth but did not affect phase transition. Under these conditions, phase change was correlated with a low phosphorus content.

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“…This finding indicates that internal storage and transport of sucrose plays a vital role and influences regeneration and bulblet growth. However, sucrose taken up from the medium is mainly stored in the explant tissues and used for regeneration and growth of bulblets (Langens-Gerrits et al, 2003b). In this study, bulblets on the full-scale explants were always larger than those on the basal explants, even with different sucrose concentrations (Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…First, the growth of regenerated bulblets is affected by the size of the explant. According to Langens-Gerrits et al (2003b), "the larger the explants, the larger the bulblets that are regenerated". Second, sucrose is considered the best carbon source for in vitro tissue culture (Cheesman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the growth of bulblets that are being produced is crucial. However, there are few studies available that clarify the growth of lily bulbs as a model for bulbous crops (De Klerk, 2009;Lian et al, 2003;Langens-Gerrits et al, 2003b;Langens-Gerrits et al, 1996b;De Klerk et al, 1992). Specifically, there are relatively few studies on a) the effect of different sucrose concentrations on bulb formation and the growth of bulbous plants and b) the effect of tissue culture bulblets on season performance in soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting bulblet growth of Lilium sp. in vitro and in vivo

Islam¹,

Roni²,

Shimasaki³

2017

Plant Omics

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The major problem with in vitro propagation of lilies is small bulblet size, and the initial size of bulblets not only strongly affects growth and morphogenesis rates but also the transition between various vegetative and reproductive phases during development after planting. Therefore, bulblet growth is the most important factor in understanding how lily bulblets grow in vitro and the role of starch converted from sucrose in the medium on the growth mechanism in lilies, with the aim of revealing the effective in vitro culture condition to enhance in vivo performance of lily bulblets. The results of this study show bulblet growth correlates with the use of starch granule reserves inside explant tissue and in the medium. The main factor determining the growth of bulblets in vitro is explant size due to internal storage of starch, which plays a vital role in bulblet growth irrespective of cultivar. Furthermore, internal storage of sucrose plays a vital role and influences regeneration and bulblet growth in both in vitro and in vivo cultures. Therefore, the size of the bulblets produced in vitro strongly affects performance after planting. There is a high correlation (R 2 = 0.9672) between bulb weight after the growth season and initial bulb weight and therefore, the ontogenetic age of bulblets at planting. Hence, culturing lily scale explants in a high sucrose concentration during regeneration of bulblets in vitro to increase bulblet size is the main point of interest for future production.

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Contribution of explant carbohydrate reserves and sucrose in the medium to bulb growth of lily regenerated on scale segments in vitro

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

In vitro bulb formation of direct and indirect regeneration of Lilium orientalis cv. “Starfighter” plants

In vitro bulb formation of direct and indirect regeneration of Lilium orientalis cv. “Starfighter” plants

Phase change in lily bulblets regenerated in vitro

Factors affecting bulblet growth of Lilium sp. in vitro and in vivo

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