Contribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas to Air Pollution in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

Gamas, E.D.; Magdaleno, M.; Díaz, Luis A.; Schifter, I.; Ontiveros, Luis; Alvarez-Cansino, G.

doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464012

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…low OH reactivity) of these species and emission origin. Although the small fleet of LPG powered vehicles (< 1% of the total fleet) composed mainly of light and heavy duty trucks and buses cannot be neglected, the high concentration of these light alkanes has been attributed to the widespread use of LPG in residential cooking and water heating since over 20 years ago (e.g., Blake & Rowland, 1995;Gamas et al, 2000;Gasca et al, 2004;Velasco et al, 2007;Bon et al, 2011). The observed reductions in the ambient concentrations of these species, already discussed, suggest that LPG leakages during handling, distribution and storage have decreased.…”

Section: The Still Inefficient Use and Distribution Of Liquefied Petrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Mexico City: Results of the 2012 ozone-season campaign

Jaimes-Palomera¹,

Retama²,

Elias-Castro³

et al. 2016

Atmospheric Environment

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With the aim to strengthen the verification capabilities of the local air quality management, the air quality monitoring network of Mexico City has started the monitoring of selected nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). Previous information on the NMHC characterization had been obtained through individual studies and comprehensive intensive field campaigns, in both cases restricted to sampling periods of short duration. This new initiative will address the NMHC pollution problem during longer monitoring periods and provide robust information to evaluate the effectiveness of new control measures. The article introduces the design of the monitoring network and presents results from the first campaign carried out during the first six months of 2012 covering the ozone-season (Mar-May). Results show reductions during the morning rush hour (6-9 h) in the mixing ratios of light alkanes associated with the consumption and distribution of liquefied petroleum gas and aromatic compounds related with the evaporation of fossil fuels and solvents, in contrast to olefins from vehicular traffic. The increase in mixing ratios of reactive olefins is of relevance to understand the moderate success in the ozone and fine aerosols abatement in recent years in comparison to other criteria pollutants. In the case of

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Section: The Still Inefficient Use and Distribution Of Liquefied Petrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Mexico City: Results of the 2012 ozone-season campaign

Jaimes-Palomera¹,

Retama²,

Elias-Castro³

et al. 2016

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Although the LPG related species have low reactivity, they are emitted to the atmosphere in huge amounts, so their importance has been emphasized in several works. The conclusions range from a relatively small effect on ozone formation (Gasca et al, 2004;Jaimes-López et al, 2003;Gamas et al, 2000) to a significant share (Blake and Rowland, 1995), depending on where in the MCMA the experimental data were obtained, and on the methodological approach.…”

Section: Previous Voc Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds in Southeastern Mexico City, 2000–2007

et al. 2010

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Ambient samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured between 2000 and 2007 in Southeastern Mexico City, quantifying 13 species (ethane, propane, propylene, butane, acetylene, pentane, hexane, heptane, benzene, octane, toluene, nonane, o-xylene). These time series were analyzed for long-term trends, using linear regression models. A main finding was that the concentrations for several VOC species were decreasing during this period. A receptor model was applied to identify possible VOC sources, as well as temporal patterns in their respective contributions. Domestic use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and vehicle exhaust are suggested to be the principal emission sources, contributing together between 70% and 80% to the total of quantified species. Both diurnal and seasonal patterns, as well as a weekend effect were recognized in the modelled source contributions. Furthermore, decreasing trends over time were found for LPG and hot soak (−7.8% and −12.7% per year, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.01), whereas for vehicle exhaust no significant trend was found

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“…Compared to Santiago, the Mexico City LPG formulation was found to be relatively lower in propane (50-60%), and highe? in butanes (35-45%) and alkenes (3-5%) [Blake and Rowland, 1995;Gamas et al, 2000]. That is, the Mexico City formulation has been in the direction of the more reactive butanes and alkenes.…”

Section: Rate Of Lpg Leakage In Santiagomentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the leakage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) on Santiago Air Quality

Chen

Simpson

Blake

et al. 2001

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract. The leakage of unburned liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a major source of urban nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the air of Santiago, Chile. Roughly 5% of the LPG that is sold in Santiago leaks in its unburned form to the atmosphere. Because of the leakage, propane is the most abundant NMHC in Santiago's air, even under heavy traffic conditions. NMHCs are an important precursor to the formation of ground-level ozone, and the LPG leakage may contribute as much as 15% to the excess ozone levels in Santiago. Improvement to the local air quality may be obtained by lowering the rates of LPG leakage, and by minimizing the use of alkene-rich LPG formulations.

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Contribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas to Air Pollution in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Mexico City: Results of the 2012 ozone-season campaign

Non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Mexico City: Results of the 2012 ozone-season campaign

Measurements and receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds in Southeastern Mexico City, 2000–2007

Impact of the leakage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) on Santiago Air Quality

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