Contribution of N Derived from a Hairy Vetch Incorporated in the Previous Year to Tomato N Uptake under Hairy Vetch-tomato Rotational Cropping System

Sugihara, Yuichi; Ueno, Hideto; Hirata, Toshiyuki; Komatsuzaki, Masakazu; Araki, Hideki

doi:10.2503/hortj.mi-073

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Chemical N fertilizer may build up soil organic N, because 10% to 50% of N applied to the soil is immobilized by microbes within the first year after fertilization (Mulvaney et al, 2009;Shen et al, 1989). Increased soil N stock in the HV and HV + compost treatments would be expected because HV and compost residue effects on the soil N pool may last for a long time (Eghball et al, 2004;Sugihara et al, 2016;Wallingford et al, 1975). However, under openfield conditions, the effectiveness of HV in increasing the soil N pool may depend on the amount of residue added to the soil (Kuo et al, 1997b), soil temperature, and soil moisture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Muchanga¹,

Hirata²,

Araki³

2019

horts

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Cover crops and compost application may influence soil quality and productivity of fresh-market tomatoes. The effects of hairy vetch (HV) (Vicia villosa Roth) and livestock compost on soil C and N stocks, N availability, and tomato yield were evaluated for 2 years in a plastic high tunnel. Averaged across years, soil C and N stocks increased in plots incorporating hairy vetch and compost more than in plots with no hairy vetch and compost. When compared with baseline stocks (initial soil C and N stocks before the initiation of the examination), soil C stock increased by 3%, 2.8%, 2.6% in the HV treatment, the compost treatment, and the HV and compost treatment, respectively. In contrast, a 1.85% loss of soil C stock was observed in a no HV and no compost (bare) treatment. Soil N stocks increased in all treatments, with the greatest increase in the compost treatment (26%) and the lowest in the bare treatment (9.3%). Averaged across sampling dates, the HV treatment exhibited the greatest soil N availability and nitrate levels in leaf petiole in both years, whereas the bare treatment exhibited the lowest soil N availability and nitrate levels in leaf petiole. HV + compost and compost treatments showed a similar influence on soil N availability, but HV + compost exhibited greater nitrate levels in leaf petiole than the compost treatment. The marketable and total yields were 10% to 15% greater in the HV and the compost treatments than in the bare treatment. N uptake was 17% to 38% greater in the HV treatment than in the other treatments. Because of unstable cover crop production in the northern region, a combined application of cover crops and compost may be one of the best practices to compensate for low cover crop biomass production by increasing organic matter input to the soil, thereby improving soil quality and tomato yield.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Muchanga¹,

Hirata²,

Araki³

2019

horts

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“…This pattern suggests that although much of its N was released in the first 4-6 weeks after application, the N release continued for long period due to decomposition of residues that were initially resistant to microbial degradation (Hue and Silva, 2000). In this regard, Sugihara et al (2016) reported that HV applied in the previous year contributed slightly to the tomato growth when planted in the following year, especially in the early growth stages. The increased SIN in the first weeks after residue incorporation may indicate that HV is suitable to be used as a nitrogen source for the early growth stages of tomatoes.…”

Section: Soil Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Vetch Becomes an Alternative Basal N Fertilizer in Low-input Fresh-market Tomato Production in a Plastic High Tunnel

2017

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In order to establish a low-input alternative production system based on cover crops, the effectiveness of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth; HV) incorporated as a basal nitrogen fertilizer and its effects on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content in fresh-market tomato production in plastic high tunnel was investigated in Sapporo (snow cover region), Japan. The treatments consisted of HV seeding rates (HV2, 2 kg/10 a; HV5, 5 kg/10 a) and ammonium sulfate (AS10, 10 kg N/10 a) applied as basal N fertilizers, and the Non HV (control) with no HV and ammonium sulfate. In all plots, 15 kg N/10 a were added before tomato transplanting as a controlledrelease fertilizer (LPS100 41%−N) to maintain the tomato growth in the mid and late stages. HV aboveground biomass (dry weight) was 585 kg/10 a in HV2 and 719 kg/10 a in HV5. Nitrate in petiole sap was higher in HV2, HV5, and AS10 plots than in Non HV plots throughout the cultivation period with the exception of the first 2 weeks after transplanting (WAT). The Growth index (GI) was higher in HV2 (47971), HV5 (46285), and AS10 (43397) than in Non HV (39847) at 7 WAT, the beginning of the harvest. Higher marketable yields were found in tomatoes grown in HV2 (6.87 t/10 a), HV5 (6.91 t/10 a), and AS10 (6.08 t/10 a), compared with the Non HV (5.19 t/10 a). The HV plots had greater soil total and organic N than AS10 and Non HV, and slightly increased soil C after tomato production. From these results, the HV seeding rate of 2 kg/10 a will be enough to support the growth of tomatoes planted after HV production if HV grows steadily in a plastic high tunnel.

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“…In recent years, the interaction between rhizosphere organisms has become the subject of increasing amounts of researches [ 21 ]. The rotation of tomato with xerophytes or rice have been assessed by many studies [ 22 – 24 ], but there are few studies on rotation with aquatic vegetables. Arrowhead ( Sagittaria sagittifolia ) is an exceptional aquatic vegetable in the Lixiahe region, which is rich in starch, protein, vitamins and other nutrients [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotations improve the diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, enzyme activities and tomato yield

Cao

Qian

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The use of rotations is an effective strategy to control crop diseases and improve plant health. The soil bacterial communities in the rhizosphere are highly important for maintaining soil productivity. However, the composition and structure of soil bacterial communities in the rotations of vegetable crops remain unclear. In this study, we explored the bacterial diversity and community structure of the tomato rhizosphere, including enzyme activities, yield, and fruit quality, under three different cropping systems: tomato-tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) continuous cropping (TY1), eggplant (Solanum melongena)-tomato rotation (TY2) and arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia)-tomato rotation (TY3). The composition and diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities differed significantly. The diversity was more in the TY2 and TY3 treatments than those in the TY1 treatment. Chujaibacter and Rhodanobacter were two predominant and unique strains detected only in TY1, while the relative abundances of Curvibacter and Luteimonas were the highest in TY2 and TY3, respectively. Moreover, Lysobacter was a relatively abundant type of biocontrol bacterium found only in the TY3 treatment, which could contribute to alleviating the obstacle of tomato continuous cropping. Compared with the TY1 treatment, the activities of catalase were significantly higher in the TY2 and TY3 treatments. In addition, compared with TY1, the TY2 and TY3 plots increased the following parameters: tomato yields by 24–46%, total soluble solids by 37-93%, total organic acid by 10-15.7% and soluble protein by 10-21%, while the content of nitrate was significantly reduced by 23%. Altogether, compared with the tomato monoculture, the rotations of tomato with eggplant and arrowhead shifted the rhizosphere bacterial communities and improved the yield and quality of the tomato. Moreover, a tomato rotation, particularly with arrowhead, was an effective way to alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping.

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Contribution of N Derived from a Hairy Vetch Incorporated in the Previous Year to Tomato N Uptake under Hairy Vetch-tomato Rotational Cropping System

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Hairy Vetch Becomes an Alternative Basal N Fertilizer in Low-input Fresh-market Tomato Production in a Plastic High Tunnel

Rotations improve the diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, enzyme activities and tomato yield

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