Contribution of RIZ1 to Regulation of Proliferation and Migration of a Liver Fluke-Related Cholangiocarcinoma Cell

Abstract

Purpose: Retinoblastoma-interacting zinc finger gene (RIZ1) is a tumor suppressor gene which is highly inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in patients with liver fluke-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Epigenetic aberration of this gene might withdraw the ability to restrain tumor cell proliferation and migration. We aimed to define the role of RIZ1 on cell proliferation and migration in CCA cell line. Materials and methods: Small interference RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down the expression of RIZ1 in a CCA-derived cell line in which cell proliferation and cell migration were performed. Results: A predominant nuclear localization of RIZ1 was observed. Reduction of RIZ1 by siRNA augmented cell proliferation and migration. Conclusion: The result suggested that RIZ1 might play a role in regulating cell proliferation and migration in CCA. Reduction of RIZ1 expression may aggravate the progression of CCA.

Synergism between RIZ1 gene therapy and paclitaxel in SiHa cervical cancer cells

“…Reduction of RIZ1 resulted in an increase in tumor cell proliferation and migration. 33 In our previous study, RIZ1 mRNA expression in cervical cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in normal cervical tissues, and RIZ1 expression was absent in cervical cancer SiHa cell line. 32 So we upregulated the expression of RIZ1 in SiHa cells by transfecting pcDNA3.1(+)-RIZ1 plasmid, which significantly reduced cell proliferation, thereby suggesting that upregulation of RIZ1 expression had obvious inhibitory effect on SiHa cell proliferation (Table 2).…”

Diagnostic Value of Riz1 Gene Expression as a Potential Marker for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

“…Wen dong et al (28) found that RIZ1 gene is silenced in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and it is concentration is down regulated. Finaly Khaenam et al (29) found that (RIZ1) inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in patients with liver fluke-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).…”

“…It is the 2 nd most common malignancy related mortality worldwide with 745,000 deaths per year (2). Its incidence is continuously increasing throughout the world (3)(4)(5). In Egypt, between 1993 and 2002, there was an almost two fold increase in HCC among patients with chronic liver disease (6).…”

“…Epigenetic events are considered key mechanisms in the regulation of gene activity, and abnormal expression of a large number of tumor suppressor genes and cancer-associated genes has been observed in a wide range of human cancer (28). DNA methylation has been primarily studied in the context of gene transcription and aberrant gene silencing, although it has been implicated in the silencing of transposable elements (29). DNA methylation impacts the level of compaction of chromatin, and this affects the interaction between DNA and transcription factors, and consequently influences DNA expression.…”

Associations of Liver Fluke Infection and Cholangiocarcinoma: A Scoping Review

“…A case-control study conducted in China also showed that infection with the hepatitis B virus can be a possible risk factor for CCa development [ 4 ]. Patients are usually diagnosed with CCa in the advanced stages of the tumor, which makes it a difficult condition to cure, thus rendering the prognosis very poor [ 5 ]. CCa is resistant to radiation therapy and conventional chemotherapy [ 6 ].…”