Contribution of Secondary Metabolites to the Gastroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) Stem Bark in Rats

Aragão, Ticiana Parente; Prazeres, Lady Dayane Kalline Travassos dos; Brito, Samara Alves; Rolim-Neto, Pedro José; Rolim, Larissa Araújo; Almeida, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva; Caldas, Germana Freire Rocha; Wanderley, Almir Gonçalves

doi:10.3390/molecules23010112

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The fruit has a large kernel that contains about 60% in oil [1]. Several studies have been published showing the medicinal potential of this plant, such as for the treatment of the skin [2], as antimicrobial [3], as gastroprotective action [4], and antioxidant activity [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Properties of Ximenia Oil Used as Cosmetic in Angola

et al. 2019

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Ximenia (Ximenia americana L.) is a shrub, or small tree, native from Africa and spread across different continents. In Angola, the seeds oil is used by local populations, to prevent sunburn, to smooth and hydrate the skin, and to give it a pleasant color and elasticity, to prevent stretch marks, in pregnant woman, and also as hair conditioner. Herein, an oil sold in the region (LPO), and two others extracted in laboratory, from seeds collected in the same region, were investigated in terms of their composition, chemical properties, UV transmission. The three oils are similar although the LPO is more acidic, 0.48 mg KOH/g. GC-MS analysis indicated that the major components are the fatty acids, oleic (31.82%), nervonic (11.09%), ximenic (10.22%), and hexacosa-17,20,23-trienoic acids (14.59%). Long chain fatty acids, n ≥ 20, accounted for 51.1% of the total fatty acids. A thin film of the oil showed a reduction in transmittance from 200 to 300 nm. Viscosity studies of the LPO indicated that at normal temperature of skin, the oil can be spread over the skin as a thin film. At concentrations up to 10 µg/mL, the LPO is not toxic to human keratinocytes, suggesting the safety of this oil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Properties of Ximenia Oil Used as Cosmetic in Angola

et al. 2019

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“…The anti-ulcer activity of quercetin in animals has been reported [72]. The phytochemical investigation of the aqueous extract of Ximenia americana led to the isolation of procyanidins B and C as well as catechin/epicatechin which were active against acute gastric ulcer [60]. The spinacetin 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-βDglucopyranoside]-7-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside], kaempferol-3-Orutinoside, kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside isolated from the ethanol extracts of Anvillea garcinii showed a powerful anti-ulcer [64].…”

Section: Anti-ulcer Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids: isolation, characterization, and health benefits

Ekalu¹,

Habila

2020

Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci

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Background The unique and vast pharmacological activities of flavonoids have made them of research interest. This led to the use of various techniques to isolate and characterize them, intending to determine their potential health benefits. Main text The medicinal values of plant-based flavonoids that this literature review tends to summarize the pharmacological activities of these secondary metabolites from 22 selected plant families. The pharmacological shreds of evidence reported in the literature have proven that flavonoids have shown anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-ulcer, and anti-edematogenic activities. Out of these, 30% showed to have anti-oxidant activity, key in protecting the body against free radicals. Besides, 18% of the references showed anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. Further literature reports indicated that flavonoids from these families exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-edematogenic (9%), anti-viral and anti-ulcer (5%), anti-fungal, anti-nociceptive, and anti-histamine (2%). Conclusion The pharmacological activities of flavonoids from the various sources reviewed in this study show that the secondary metabolites could provide a scaffold for the development of potent anti-cancer drugs in the future.

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“…A 23 Todos os outros fitoconstituintes presentes na X. americana também são compostos bioativos, com atividades farmacológicas conhecidas, o que dá a essa planta grande potencial para a produção de fitoterápicos. A esses constituintes são atribuídas as suas atividades antioxidante, 24 anti-inflamatória, 18,25 antinociceptiva, 26,27 antimicrobiana, 28 moluscicida, 29 gastroprotetiva, 30 hepatopropetora e hipoglicemiante. 31…”

Section: Perfil Fitoquímicounclassified

Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Stem and Leaves of Ximenia Americana L. in the Healing of Excisional Acute Wounds in Mice

Palma¹,

Marques²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2020

Rev. Virtual Quim.

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The healing activity of hydroalcoholic extracts at 2.5 % of leaves, wood and stem bark of Ximenia americana L. was experimentally investigated in surgically induced skin wounds in mice. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The wound regression percentage was higher in the groups treated with the plant at 14 (80 %) and 21 days (100 %) when compared to the negative control group, and there was a significant reduction (p <0.05) in mononuclear cells number. The fibroplasia process was more evident in the group treated with the stem bark evidenced by the significant increase of fibroblasts, reaching more than 150 % in 21 days period. Hydroalcoholic extracts of X. americana were favorable to the healing process through wound regression, inflammatory cells reduction and increase of fibroblasts number. A atividade cicatrizante dos extratos hidroalcoólicos a 2,5 % das folhas, cascas e madeira do caule de Ximenia americana L. foi investigada experimentalmente em feridas cutâneas cirurgicamente induzidas em camundongos. O estudo fitoquímico revelou a presença de taninos, flavonoides, saponinas e esteroides. O percentual de regressão da ferida foi maior nos grupos tratados com a planta aos 14 (80 %) e 21 dias (100 %) quando comparados ao grupo controle negativo, havendo também redução significativa (p<0,05) do número de células mononucleares. O processo de fibroplasia foi mais evidente no grupo tratado com a casca do caule evidenciado pelo aumento significativo de fibroblastos, chegando a mais de 150 % no período de 21 dias. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos da X. americana mostraram-se favoráveis ao processo de cicatrização através da regressão da ferida, redução de células inflamatórias e aumento do número de fibroblastos.

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Contribution of Secondary Metabolites to the Gastroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) Stem Bark in Rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 60 publications

An Overview on the Properties of Ximenia Oil Used as Cosmetic in Angola

An Overview on the Properties of Ximenia Oil Used as Cosmetic in Angola

Flavonoids: isolation, characterization, and health benefits

Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Stem and Leaves of Ximenia Americana L. in the Healing of Excisional Acute Wounds in Mice

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