Contribution of Wild Relatives to Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) Yield Stability across Contrasted Environments

Abstract

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is mostly grown in Mediterranean type environments, characterized by unpredictable rainfall amounts and distribution, heat stress, and prevalence of major diseases and pests, all to be exacerbated with climate change. Pre-breeding efforts transgressing adaptive genes from wild relatives need to be strengthened to overcome these abiotic and biotic challenges. In this study, we evaluated the yield stability of 67 lines issued from interspecific crosses of Cham5 and Haurani with Triticum dicoccoides, T. agilopoides, T. urartu, and Aegilops speltoides, grown under 15 contrasting rainfed and irrigated environments in Morocco, and heat-prone conditions in Sudan. Yield stability was assessed using parametric (univariate (e.g., Bi, S2di, Pi etc) and multivariate (ASV, SIPC)) and non-parametric (Si1, Si2, Si3 and Si6) approaches. The combined analysis of variance showed the highly significant effects of genotypes, environments, and genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI). The environments varied in yield (1370–6468 kg/ha), heritability (0.08–0.9), and in their contribution to the GEI. Several lines derived from the four wild parents combined productivity and stability, making them suitable for unpredictable climatic conditions. A significant advantage in yield and stability was observed in Haurani derivatives compared to their recurrent parent. Furthermore, no yield penalty was observed in many of Cham5 derivatives; they had improved yield under unfavorable environments while maintaining the high yield potential from the recurrent parent (e.g., 142,026 and 142,074). It was found that a limited number of backcrosses can produce high yielding/stable germplasm while increasing diversity in a breeding pipeline. Comparing different stability approaches showed that some of them can be used interchangeably; others can be complementary to combine broad adaption with higher yield.

Evaluation of grain yield stability of tritipyrum as a novel cereal in comparison with triticale lines and bread wheat varieties through univariate and multivariate parametric methods

“…Results showed that tested environments have a relatively high share in the GEI and the (Ka/b)(Cr/b)-5, (Ma/b)(Cr/b)-4 and La(4B,4D)/b tritipyrum lines had specific adaptation to e 3 , the 4103 and 4116 triticale lines to e 2 and e 5 , the 4108, 4115 triticale lines, Kavir and Bahare baft wheat varieties to e 6 ( S3 Fig ). The (Ka/b)(Cr/b)-6 and (St/b)(Cr/b)-4 tritipyrum lines showed specific adaptation to e 4 and e 7 (Sirjan), which is consistent with the results from other studies [ 36 , 83 ] that showed the AMMI model is a useful tool for detection of GEI.…”

“…Many approaches have been utilized to determine and unravel the causes of interactions, although strategies are different in the final decisions for selecting genotypes [34,35]. Researchers have proposed various methods for stability analysis [36][37][38]. There is often a linear or near-linear relationship between the appearance of traits in different genotypes and the environmental effect, which is usually measured by different criteria.…”

Study of maize yield stability with nonparametric methods

“…Evaluation of the most stable hybrid overall and within the FAO group revealed two pairs of stability parameters that were in agreement in most cases Si (1) with Si (2) , and Si (3) with Si (6) . Complementary results were obtained by other authors, who assessed the parameters of yield stability and other agronomic traits for different plant species (RAHADI et al, 2013;ABDIPOUR et al, 2017;REA et al, 2017;MAJUBALA et al, 2018;SUBAŞI and BAŞALMA, 2021;ABERKANE et al, 2021).…”

Capturing agro-morphological variability for tolerance to terminal heat and combined heat–drought stress in landraces and elite cultivar collection of wheat

“…The study aims to quantify the effects of stress on phenological traits development and yield loss. The delayed sowing and restricted irrigation are efficient strategies to identify heat-and drought-tolerant genotypes in a number of crops like bread wheat (Qaseem et al, 2019;Hussain et al, 2021;Yashavanthakumar et al, 2021), Durum wheat (Aberkane et al, 2021;Ayed et al, 2021;Laddomada et al, 2021), mustard (Limbalkar et al, 2021), lentil (Sellami et al, 2021;El haddad Devasirvatham et al, 2015). The results demonstrated that high temperature coupled with water stress is more destructive to the plant development process and, finally, reflected in yield reduction.…”