Control Design and Parameter Tuning for Islanded Microgrids by Combining Different Optimization Algorithms

Abstract

Load and supply parameters may be uncertain in microgrids (MGs) due for instance to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources among others. Guaranteeing reliable and stable MGs despite parameter uncertainties is crucial for their correct operation. Their stability and dynamical features are directly related to the controllers’ parameters and power-sharing coefficients. Hence, to maintain power good quality within the desirable range of system parameters and to have a satisfactory response to sudden load changes, careful selection of the controllers and power-sharing coefficients are necessary. In this paper, a simple design approach for the optimal design of controllers’ parameters is presented in an islanded MG. To that aim, an optimization problem is formulated based on a small-signal state-space model and solved by three different optimization techniques including particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and a proposed approach based on the combination of both PSO and GA. The optimized coefficients are selected to guarantee desirable static and dynamic responses in a wide range of operations regardless of the number of inverters, system configuration, output impedance differences, and load types. Through the proposed design and tuning method, the performance of the MG is improved as compared to those obtained using state-of-art techniques. This fact is demonstrated by using numerical simulations performed on a detailed model implemented in PSIM© software.

A review of recent control techniques of drooped inverter‐based AC microgrids

“…The low voltage network has a resistive dominant impedance which has inherently good harmonic power-sharing capability and enhances the system damping. 63,70,114 However, inductive output impedance has a good capability of grid harmonic rejection. 37 Recently, the output impedance can be redesigned to have the desired behavior by the advantage of virtual impedance.…”

“…Achieving optimal settings that ensure stable operation across various load conditions and high renewable penetration is complex. Instability issues, such as oscillations in voltage and frequency, can arise if parameters are not appropriately tuned 69,70 …”

“…In Abusara et al, 111 the control loop gives an inductive output impedance while in Josep et al 58 it is a resistive nature. The low voltage network has a resistive dominant impedance which has inherently good harmonic power‐sharing capability and enhances the system damping 63,70,114 . However, inductive output impedance has a good capability of grid harmonic rejection 37 .…”

Review of Solid-State Transformer Applications on Electric Vehicle DC Ultra-Fast Charging Station

“…One is integrating energy storage and renewable energies illustrated in the schematic shown in Figure 4 with either AC-coupled or DC-coupled approaches proposed in [66]. Indeed, such DC ultra-fast charging stations can be considered as AC/DC/Hybrid MGs with all their challenges [104][105][106]. In order to increase the charging station third-party interests, the optimal sizing of the energy storage system is performed in [107] through the station energy and storage cost reduction.…”

A hybrid smell agent symbiosis organism search algorithm for optimal control of microgrid operations

“…Each of these groups represents a candidate solution with the objective function corresponding to nectar quality for solving optimization problems [ 28 ]. In (GA), genetic creatures of individuals undergo a simulation process that reflects a degree of goodness, fitted with a potential search solution to solve optimization problems [ 29 ]. This Algorithm works on the coding of parameters such that it does not rely on the existence of real parameters.…”