Control issues relating to real-time substructuring experiments using a shaking table

Neild, Simon A; Stoten, David P; Drury, David; Wagg, DJ

doi:10.1002/eqe.473

Cited by 84 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Users of shake tables have seen this development as a positive one because, by physically testing only a part of a structure, a larger scale can be used; this can reduce the difficulties associated with using large scale factors in some shake [36], [37], [38], [39], [40] & [41]. Iemura et al, [36] and Igarashi et al, [37] developed the first RTHSTT procedure to evaluate active and tuned mass damping devices, respectively.…”

Section: Real-time Hybrid Shaking Table Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of seismic hybrid testing of engineering structures

McCrum¹,

Williams

2016

Engineering Structures

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An overview of research on the development of the hybrid test method is presented. The maturity of the hybrid test method is mapped in order to provide context to individual research in the overall development of the test method. In the pseudo dynamic (PsD) test method, the equations of motion are solved using a time stepping numerical integration technique with the inertia and damping being numerically modelled whilst restoring force is physically measured over an extended timescale. Developments in continuous PsD testing led to the real-time hybrid test method and geographically distributed hybrid tests. A key aspect to the efficiency of hybrid testing is the substructuring technique where the critical structural subassemblies that are fundamental to the overall response of the structure are physically tested whilst the remainder of the structure whose response can be more easily predicted is numerically modelled. Much of the early research focused on developing the accuracy and efficiency of the test method, whereas more recently the method has matured to a level where the test method is applied purely as a dynamic testing technique.Developments in numerical integration methods, substructuring, experimental error reduction, delay compensation and speed of testing have led to a test method now in use as full-scale real-time dynamic testing method that is reliable, accurate, efficient and cost effective.

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Section: Real-time Hybrid Shaking Table Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of seismic hybrid testing of engineering structures

McCrum¹,

Williams

2016

Engineering Structures

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“…and the adaptive Minimal Control Synthesis (MCS) algorithm [14,[21][22][23][24]26]. Dynamic interaction between the substructures, together with the dynamics of the transfer system (and its associated actuators), will normally cause problems with synchronization.…”

Section: Successful Existing Control Strategies For Dss Include Lineamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The future estimation ofd(k + i|k) is influenced by the knowledge of the behaviour of the disturbance. In (14), it is assumed that the estimation ofd…”

Section: Mpc Controller Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model predictive control of dynamically substructured systems with application to a servohydraulically actuated mechanical plant

Stoten

2010

IET Control Theory Appl.

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Dynamically substructured systems (DSS) are increasingly used by the dynamics testing community. DSS involves the physical testing of full size critical components in parallel with numerical testing of the remaining components. This has certain advantages over other testing methods [24]. However, the synchronization of the signals at the interface between the physical and numerical substructures of DSS requires a high fidelity controller. In practice, the performance of the DSS testing can be significantly degraded by input saturation of the actuators. In this paper, we use model predictive control (MPC) to cope with the saturation problem in DSS. To facilitate the MPC and observer design for DSS, a modified DSS framework based on an existing one is proposed [22]. As a case study, a quasi-motorcycle (QM) system is converted into the modified DSS framework and a traditional on-line MPC control strategy is implemented in real-time.

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“…In civil structures, with the rapid advancement of experimental test methods, numerical simulation, and high-speed communication networks, it is possible to distribute geographically the testing of structural systems using hybrid experimentalcomputational simulation. Many researchers have developed various hybrid test methods for substructures [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple hybrid testing approach for dynamic analysis of civil structural control devices

et al. 2009

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Effective real-time testing of structural control devices relies on a hybrid test system that couples virtual structures under dynamic loading with physical sub-structures or devices in a dynamic test rig. The use of sensors and actuators in a closed-loop feedback system maintains the dynamic equilibrium of the overall system comprising the physical test article and virtual modelled structure. The virtual-real hybrid testing method thus alleviates much of the time and cost associated with full-scale testing and enables tests that would be infeasible without full-scale complete structural tests. Thus, it can reduce the uncertainty in designing such a full scale test by testing, in hybrid hardware in the loop fashion, the devices and sub-systems required to ensure the best overall full-scale experimental design. Hence, a major outcome is the savings in the cost, time and complexity of the resulting full scale experiment. To accomplish this goal, this research presents simple, cost-effective and robust hybrid test system, and outlines solutions to the major issues faced in developing any hybrid system. The overall approach is centred on the dSpace TM real-time control system development tool. The major issues in developing a hybrid system are: minimal signal processing lag, optimised sensing resolution and bandwidth, and efficient model computation. All three affect the ability of the system to maintain dynamic equilibrium of the overall virtual-physical system, and thus provide an accurate test. The final system readily accommodates non-linearsingle and multi-degree-of-freedom models and an operating bandwidth of 1 kHz. Test results and experimental outcomes are based on studies of a linear single degree of freedom structure and a non-linear rocking wall system that includes impact loads and timing subject to random ground motions. The results clearly illustrate system simplicity, efficacy and how they can be used to illustrate the potential outcomes of full scale experiments but at simple, fast low cost level.

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Control issues relating to real-time substructuring experiments using a shaking table

Cited by 84 publications

References 9 publications

An overview of seismic hybrid testing of engineering structures

An overview of seismic hybrid testing of engineering structures

Model predictive control of dynamically substructured systems with application to a servohydraulically actuated mechanical plant

A simple hybrid testing approach for dynamic analysis of civil structural control devices

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