2020
DOI: 10.1002/iub.2264
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Control of Akt activity and substrate phosphorylation in cells

Abstract: Protein kinase B/Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that links receptors coupled to the PI3K lipid kinase to cellular anabolic pathways. Its activity in cells is controlled by reversible phosphorylation and an intramolecular lipidcontrolled allosteric switch. In this review, I outline the current progress in understanding Akt regulatory mechanisms, define three models of Akt activation in cells, and highlight how intramolecular allosterism cooperates with cell-autonomous mechanisms to control Akt localization an… Show more

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Cited by 38 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…Experimentally, we proposed intracellular signaling pathways to evaluate cell viability mainly by considering PI3K/PKB/Akt upstream stimulus culminating in gene expression related to cell proliferation and survival [ 30 , 31 ]. In addition, as these protein activities are regulated by phosphorylation, the effectivity of this signaling can be measured by the specific phosphorylation profile [ 32 ]. In turn, Akt is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by a number of growth factors and cytokines in an upstream phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent manner.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Experimentally, we proposed intracellular signaling pathways to evaluate cell viability mainly by considering PI3K/PKB/Akt upstream stimulus culminating in gene expression related to cell proliferation and survival [ 30 , 31 ]. In addition, as these protein activities are regulated by phosphorylation, the effectivity of this signaling can be measured by the specific phosphorylation profile [ 32 ]. In turn, Akt is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by a number of growth factors and cytokines in an upstream phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent manner.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Classically, type III inhibitors displace the c-helix and prevent MEK activation via dual phosphorylation on the TEY motif. There has, however, been an increasing awareness [36][37][38][39][40][41] that type-III kinase binders may induce additional allosteric modification beyond displacement of the C-helix. There also exists the possibility that SC-1-151 may have interactions at other MEK5 allosteric sites, may modify a MEK5 protein/protein interaction, or have activity at a yet uncharacterized protein.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Akt is a protooncogene that regulates various cell functions in tumors, including metabolism, proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion [ 20 ]. The activation of Akt depends on the phosphorylation of threonine (Thr) 308 and serine (Ser) 473 [ 21 ]. mTOR is an atypical serine/threonine kinase which can promote tumor development by regulating cell biological processes such as metabolism, autophagy, and cellular stress [ 22 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%