Control of Cucurbit Viruses

Lecoq, Hervé; Katis, N. I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801246-8.00005-6

Cited by 72 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The control of polerovirus diseases through the application of insecticides against aphid vectors is both costly and unreliable, and potentially dangerous to the environment. Resistant cucurbit cultivars provide a safer and more sustainable alternative for viral disease management (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study described here was performed in order to extend our knowledge about the presence and distribution of the cucurbit-infecting CABYV-C and CABYV-R strains in Iran as an introduction for initiating a program of breeding for attaining viral resistance. The conventional virus resistance to the CABYV has been described in cucurbit genetic resources (16). However, resistance specifi city should be determined at the fi rst steps of resistance characterization, when encountering the resistant cucurbit plants to a collection of CABYV isolates representative of its variability.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Presence of Recombinant Strain of Cucurbit Aphid Borne Yellows Virus in Iran

Vafaei

Mahmoodi

2017

Iran. J. Biotechnol.

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(CABYV) is among the most important yellowing viruses on cucurbits in Iran. The presence of CABYV has been previously reported from the major cucurbit growing areas in Iran, however, there are few studies concerning the detection of the different strains of this virus in the grower's fields, and especially, there is no report of the weed host plants near crop fields. This study was done in order to detect the new strains of the CABYV polerovirus in cucurbits and the weed plants in the Lorestan province, Iran, as an introductory investigation for initiating a program of the breeding for resistance. During a survey carried out in 2013-2014 in Lorestan province; Iran, 189 cucurbit and 261 weed samples were investigated for the presence of CABYV using RT-PCR. In addition, the phylogeny and nucleotide similarities were discussed on the basis of the partial nucleotide sequence of RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene. The RT-PCR carried out on leaf samples revealed the infection with the CABYV in 43 cucumber and 12 weed samples. RT-PCR using strain specific primers detected the presence of the both common (C) and recombinant (R) strains of CABYV in the tested samples. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses, the CABYV-C isolates from Iran were clustered into two distinct sub-populations (CI and CII), such that all the weed samples with two sequenced cucumber isolates were clustered in the CI sub-population. Meanwhile, a distinct sub-population of the isolates was clustered in the CABYV-R group showed a shared sequence identity of 97% to a Taiwanese isolate (JQ700306). This study has indicated the incidence of CABYV-R in the Southwest Asia; Iran for the first time. We were also able to show CABYV occurrence in and from this area of the world. Identification of cucurbit infecting viruses and studying their distribution and potential reservoir hosts are important for developing successful control programs for virus disease management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Recombinant Strain of Cucurbit Aphid Borne Yellows Virus in Iran

Vafaei

Mahmoodi

2017

Iran. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Unfortunately, the control measures for the disease caused by ToLCNDV are very limited. Elimination of affected plants, avoidance of overlapping susceptible crops, and the control of whitefly populations are cultural practices recommended to decrease the disease spread (Lecoq & Katis, ). Genetic resistance would be the best strategy for control (Sáez et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inoculation of cucumber, melon and zucchini varieties with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus and evaluation of infection using different detection methods

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Alfaro-Fernández

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et al. 2017

Annals of Applied Biology

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The disease caused by Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), which is naturally transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, causes important economic losses in cucurbit crops. The availability of simple and efficient inoculation protocols and detection methods is necessary for screening varieties and germplasm collections as well as for breeding populations. We evaluated the infectivity of ToLCNDV inocula prepared using three different buffers for mechanical sap inoculation in a susceptible variety of zucchini. We found that inoculum prepared with buffer III, which contains polyvinylpyrrolidone, is highly efficient for mechanical inoculation, with 100% of plants displaying severe symptoms 21 days post-inoculation. Using this buffer, we mechanically inoculated 19 commercial varieties of cucurbit crops (six of cucumber, six of melon and seven of zucchini), evaluated the evolution of symptoms and diagnosed infection using nine different ToLCNDV detection methods (four based on serology, four based on molecular hybridization and one based on PCR detection). The results revealed that all varieties are susceptible, although cucumber varieties display less severe symptoms than those of melon or zucchini. All detection methods were highly efficient (more than 85% of plants testing positive) in melon and zucchini, but in cucumber, the percentage of positive plants detected with serology and molecular hybridization methods ranged from 20.4% with Squash leaf curl virus (SLCV) antiserum, to 78.5% with DNA extract hybridization. Overall, the best detection results were obtained with PCR, with 92.6%, 92.4% and 98.4% cucumber, melon and zucchini plants, respectively, testing positive. When considering the overall results in the three crops, the best serology and molecular hybridization methods were those using Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) antiserum and DNA extract, respectively. The inoculation methodology developed and the information on detection methods are of great relevance for the selection and breeding of varieties of cucurbit crops that are tolerant or resistant to ToLCNDV.

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“…As a result, insecticides are either ineffective at preventing the spread of infection among plants or must be applied at rates which are not cost effective (e.g., Thackray et al, 2000). Instead, preventative measures primarily consist of growing resistant cultivars, using costly UV-reflectant mulches or row covers, and/or removing sources of virus and vectors in the farmscape (Lecoq and Katis, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape composition is more important than local management for crop virus–insect vector interactions

Angelella

Holland

Kaplan

2016

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Managing crop viruses is difficult due to complex interactions among vectors, reservoirs, and mediating factors such as land cover. Identifying the appropriate ecological neighborhood, or the spatial area in which the most influential interactions occur affecting virus epidemiology, would therefore be beneficial in exposing which of the many explanatory variables to target in the plant-pathogen system. We constructed partial least squares path models to find the neighborhood size for vectors of stylet-borne nonpersistent viruses infecting pumpkins, and compare the relative influence of within-field and extra-field land cover. Two economically important aphid-vectored viruses in the U.S. Midwest are included in these analyses: papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV). In 2010 and 2011, we used commercial pumpkin fields to quantify virus infection, vector (aphid) alightment (i.e., landing rates), and within-field weed communities, and subsequently analyzed extra-field cover from 1-5 km concentric buffer zones within the surrounding landscape. Alightment rates of total noncolonizing vectors and the top three numerically dominant species (Aphis craccivora Koch, Therioaphis trifolii (Monell), and Rhopalosiphum padi [L.]) were included in individual path models. Overall, we found that extra-field landscape composition had a far stronger influence on vector alightment than within-field weed cover; this pattern was consistent for seven of eight statistical models. In one exception, weed cover influenced alightment of the putative PRSV vector, A. craccivora, while surrounding landscape had no effect. In this case, weed coverage and vector alightment were inversely related, demonstrating that aphids were less likely to land in weed-infested fields. However, weed cover did not predict alightment of T. trifolii or total noncolonizers. The neighborhood size scales for total noncolonizers' tended to be larger than for individual species (4-5 km), suggesting future studies of dispersal by multi-species aphid groups may benefit from an extended gradient. On balance, our results indicate that while surrounding land cover interactions are complex, they exert greater influence over vector dispersal than within-field weed cover, calling into question whether management of local weeds is an effective method of crop virus prevention in some systems.

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Control of Cucurbit Viruses

Cited by 72 publications

References 106 publications

Presence of Recombinant Strain of Cucurbit Aphid Borne Yellows Virus in Iran

Presence of Recombinant Strain of Cucurbit Aphid Borne Yellows Virus in Iran

Inoculation of cucumber, melon and zucchini varieties with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus and evaluation of infection using different detection methods

Landscape composition is more important than local management for crop virus–insect vector interactions

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