Control ofBemisia tabaciby entomopathogenic fungi isolated from arid soils in Argentina

Abstract

Control of Bemisia tabaci by entomopathogenic fungi isolated from arid soils in Argentina. Entomopathogenic Hypocreales were isolated from arid soils in Argentina using Tenebrio molitor as bait and tested for their biological performance at 30 °C and 45-65% RH. Conidial germination was tested in three vegetable oils (Sunflower, Olive and Maize) at two concentrations (1 and 10%) to evaluate their compatibility for further liquid formulations. According to radial growth and germination results, we selected 4 isolates to test their pathogenicity against second instar B. tabaci nymphs with the selected oil formulations at 30 °C. CEP381 and CEP401 showed the highest radial growth. Isolates CEP381, CEP401, CEP413 and CEP409 (Metarhizium spp.) had similar germination percentages as compared with water control when germinated on either Sunflower, Olive and or Maize oils at 10% v/v. The highest mortality of B. tabaci were observed for the isolates CEP381 in Sunflower oil and CEP401 in Olive oil. Molecular identification of isolates was performed using ITS4-5 primers. All isolates belong to the Metarhizium core group. Tested isolates could grow and infect B. tabaci nymphs at 30 °C in some of the vegetable oils as carriers, providing new possibilities for IPM of Bemisia tabaci.

Entomopathogenic fungi in Portuguese vineyards soils: suggesting a ‘Galleria-Tenebrio-bait method’ as bait-insects Galleria and Tenebrio significantly underestimate the respective recoveries of Metarhizium (robertsii) and Beauveria (bassiana)

“…Numerous investigations have relied only on this method of EPF isolation (Chandler et al 1997, Bidochka et al 1998, Ali-Shtayeh et al 2003, Meyling and Eilenberg 2006, Quesada-Moraga et al 2007, Sevim et al 2009, Fisher et al 2011, Muñiz-Reyes et al 2014, Pérez-González et al 2014, Fernández-Salas et al 2017, Gan and Wickings 2017, Kirubakaran et al 2018. The bait-insect Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) has also been used solely in some studies (Sánchez-Peña et al 2011, Aguilera Sammaritano et al 2016.…”

Agroforestry coffee soils increase the insect‐suppressive potential offered by entomopathogenic fungi over full‐sun soils: A case proposing a “bait survival technique”

“…Here, this adaptation of the insect bait method is referred to as the “bait‐survival technique” and the time to kill the baits as “speed of kill”. Larvae of the mealworm, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), were used as baits (Aguilera Sammaritano et al, ; Kim et al, ; Sanchez‐Pena, Lara, & Medina, ). This bait insect has been shown to be less susceptible to insect‐pathogenic fungi than the insect most commonly used as bait, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Bidochka, Menzies, & Kamp, ; Oreste, Bubici, Poliseno, Triggiani, & Tarasco, ), a characteristic we considered desirable here as it increases the relevance to soil‐dwelling insects.…”

Entomopathogenic fungi in Portuguese vineyards soils: suggesting a ‘Galleria-Tenebrio-bait method’ as bait-insects Galleria and Tenebrio significantly underestimate the respective recoveries of Metarhizium (robertsii) and Beauveria (bassiana)

“…Numerous investigations have relied only on this method of EPF isolation ( Chandler et al 1997 , Bidochka et al 1998 , Ali-Shtayeh et al 2003 , Meyling and Eilenberg 2006 , Quesada-Moraga et al 2007 , Sun and Liu 2008 , Sun et al 2008 , Sevim et al 2009 , Fisher et al 2011 , Muñiz-Reyes et al 2014 , Pérez-González et al 2014 , Fernández-Salas et al 2017 , Gan and Wickings 2017 , Kirubakaran et al 2018 ). The bait-insect Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus ( Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae ) has also been used solely in some studies ( Sánchez-Peña et al 2011 , Aguilera Sammaritano et al 2016 ).…”