Control of nanoporous polymer matrix by an ionic liquid and water pressure for applications to water-treatment and separator

Lee, Woong Gi; Hwang, Jeonghyun; Kang, Sang Wook

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.08.125

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Porous materials are used in various applications, including batteries, separators, medicine applications, and organic syntheses [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. They have been mainly used as watertreatment membranes, gas-separation membranes, battery separators, and catalysts of various syntheses [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

2021

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In this study, a porous membrane with a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix was fabricated using propylene glycol with a water pressure treatment without a metal salt as an additive. The water pressure treatment of the fabricated CA membrane with propylene glycol yielded nanopores. The nanopores were formed as the additives in the CA chains led to plasticization. The weakened chains of the parts where the plasticization occurred were broken by the water pressure, which generated the pores. Compared to the previous study with glycerin as an additive, the size of the hydration region was controlled by the number of hydrophilic functional groups. When water pressure was applied to the CA membrane containing propylene glycol as an additive, the hydration area was small, so it was effective to control the pore size and the number of nano pores than glycerin. In addition, the number of nanopores and pore size could be easily adjusted by the water pressure. The porosity of the membrane was increased owing to the trace amount of propylene glycol, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and porosimetry. The interaction between the CA and propylene glycol was verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Consequently, it was the optimum composition to generate pores at the CA/propylene glycol 1:0.2 ratio, and porosity of 69.7% and average pore diameter of 300 nm was confirmed. Since it is a membrane with high porosity and nano sized pores, it is expected to be applied in various fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

2021

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“…Accordingly, the starting degradation temperatures for Si-IL and Fe3O4-Si-IL, determined as the temperature at which the NPs lost approximately 10 wt.%, were 300 and 425 °C, respectively. The strong interaction and linking of magnetite with silica in the Fe3O4-Si-IL hybrid improved its thermal stability due to its reducing the plasticization effect of IL [27]. The residual contents of SIMIL, Si-IL, and the Fe3O4-Si-IL hybrid after decomposition above 750 °C, determined from their thermograms ( Figure 2), can be seen to be 16, 57, and 76 wt.%, respectively.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Highly dispersed and magnetic silica nanoparticles with large-scale chemical or sonochemical synthesis methods have been reported [20][21][22][23][24][25].With the large amount of literature available for the production of magnetic silica nanoparticles and with research still being published, perhaps some of the biggest challenges to overcome regard the production of greener selective magnetic silica nano-adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants; these are still a problem facing researchers. Organic cationic and anionic salts based on imidazolium, pyridinium, and quaternary ammonium cations which have been designated as ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as greener extraction solvents for seawater desalination and industrial water and activated sludge treatments [26][27][28][29]. Poly (ionic liquid) (PIL) nanoparticles are used as flocculants for water purification [28], and hydrophobic PILs have been used for the selective separation of methylene blue (MB) dye and chromium ions from water [30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel Magnetic Silica-Ionic Liquid Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment

et al. 2019

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In this work, new imidazolium silica-ionic liquids doped with magnetite nanocomposites are prepared for use in the field of water purification owing to their unique properties, which can be manipulated by an external magnetic field. A silane precursor based on aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) condensed with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and glyoxal in an acetic acid solution is used to prepare disiloxyimidazolium ionic liquid (SIMIL). The silica composite (Si-IL) and silica-coated magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 -Si-IL) composites are prepared using the sol-gel technique. The chemical structures, morphologies, crystalline lattice structures, thermal stabilities, surface charges, surface areas, particle sizes, and magnetic characteristics of Fe 3 O 4 -Si-IL and Si-IL are investigated. The Fe 3 O 4 -Si-IL and Si-IL nanocomposites show excellent chemical adsorption capacities as 653 and 472 mg g −1 , respectively, during times ranging 90 to 110 min when they are used as adsorbents to remove Congo red (CR) dye as a water pollutant.Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 71 2 of 19 and integrate the merits of functional nanoparticles and vary the solid hosts of the large sizes of materials [8][9][10]. Although magnetic nanocomposites have achieved excellent results with adsorption and reuse for different cycles in the field of water treatment, some research challenges exist for their application to remove some pollutants such as toxic radioactive metals and organic and agricultural pollutants [9].The concept of a synergistic combination of two nanoparticles into a larger one has become one of the proposed synthetic techniques used to design advanced nano-adsorbents for water treatments [11][12][13][14]. Most of these materials are based on mesoporous silica-based adsorbents [15][16][17]. The large pore sizes, high specific area, good thermal and chemical stability, low manufacture cost, and excellent selectivity towards specific pollutants elect the ordered mesoporous silica composites as excellent adsorbents for water purification and treatment [17][18][19]. Highly dispersed and magnetic silica nanoparticles with large-scale chemical or sonochemical synthesis methods have been reported [20][21][22][23][24][25].With the large amount of literature available for the production of magnetic silica nanoparticles and with research still being published, perhaps some of the biggest challenges to overcome regard the production of greener selective magnetic silica nano-adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants; these are still a problem facing researchers. Organic cationic and anionic salts based on imidazolium, pyridinium, and quaternary ammonium cations which have been designated as ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as greener extraction solvents for seawater desalination and industrial water and activated sludge treatments [26][27][28][29]. Poly (ionic liquid) (PIL) nanoparticles are used as flocculants for water purification [28], and hydrophobic PILs have been used for the selective separation of methylene blue (MB) dye and chromium ions from water [3...

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“…However, some problems of these methods are the complications and the high-cost of the process. To solve these drawbacks, our group reported the method to fabricate pores using the ionic liquid and solvated inorganic complex [25,26]. The nickel nitrate (Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O) as inorganic complex was well dissolved in water or acetone and it can be applied to cellulose acetate solution dissolved acetone/water (w/w 8/2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ionic Radius in Metal Nitrate on Pore Generation of Cellulose Acetate in Polymer Nanocomposite

2020

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To prepare a porous cellulose acetate (CA) for application as a battery separator, Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O was utilized with water-pressure as an external physical force. When the CA was complexed with Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O and exposed to external water-pressure, the water-flux through the CA was observed, indicating the generation of pores in the polymer. Furthermore, as the hydraulic pressure increased, the water-flux increased proportionally, indicating the possibility of control for the porosity and pore size. Surprisingly, the value above 250 LMH (L/m 2 h) observed at the ratio of 1:0.35 (mole ratio of CA: Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O) was of higher flux than those of CA/other metal nitrate salts (Ni(NO 3 ) 2 and Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ) complexes. The higher value indicated that the larger and abundant pores were generated in the cellulose acetate at the same water-pressure. Thus, it could be thought that the Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O salt played a role as a stronger plasticizer than the other metal nitrate salts such as Ni(NO 3 ) 2 and Mg(NO 3 ) 2 . These results were attributable to the fact that the atomic radius and ionic radius of the Cd were largest among the three elements, resulting in the relatively larger Cd of the Cd(NO 3 ) 2 that could easily be dissociated into cations and NO 3 − ions. As a result, the free NO 3 − ions could be readily hydrated with water molecules, causing the plasticization effect on the chains of cellulose acetate. The coordinative interactions between the CA and Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O were investigated by IR spectroscopy. The change of ionic species in Cd(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy.Polymers 2020, 12, 981 8 of 9 Polymers 2020, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 8 of 9 Scheme 1. Comparison of pore generation by species of metal salts in cellulose acetate.

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Control of nanoporous polymer matrix by an ionic liquid and water pressure for applications to water-treatment and separator

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

Novel Magnetic Silica-Ionic Liquid Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment

Effect of Ionic Radius in Metal Nitrate on Pore Generation of Cellulose Acetate in Polymer Nanocomposite

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