Control Potential of Brassicaceae Cover Crops as Green Manure and their Host Status for Meloidogyne javanica and Criconemoides xenoplax

Abstract

Laboratory bioassays were undertaken to determine the potential of Avena sativa cv. Pallinup (Pallinup oats), Sinapis alba cv. Braco (white mustard), Brassica napus cv. AV Jade (canola), Brassica juncea cv. Caliente 199 (Caliente) and Eruca sativa cv. Nemat (Nemat) to suppress Meloidogyne javanica (root-knot nematode) and Criconemoides xenoplax (ring nematode) when applied as green manure. The host status of the crops also was determined during glasshouse trials. Plant material of the different cover crops was macerated and mixed with nematode-inoculated soil. After a period of 14 and 28 days respectively, susceptible tomato plants were planted in the soil, where they were left to grow in a glasshouse, prior to the performance of a root gall index. The same procedure was followed for C. xenoplax, except that, in this case, the nematodes were extracted from the soil after 14 and 28 days to determine the impact of the plant biomass on nematode numbers. To determine the host status of the cover crops concerned, potted plants were inoculated with the two nematode species. Results from the bioassays showed significant suppression of M. javanica by white mustard, Caliente 199 and Nemat. However, no significant differences were found in the C. xenoplax bioassays. In the M. javanica glasshouse host trials, Nemat was classified as a poor host. In the C. xenoplax host trials, canola was found to have a suppressing effect on C. xenoplax. The results are the first to show the effect of biofumigation on C. xenoplax nematode.

Bazı bitki türlerinin yeşil gübre olarak soğan sak nematodunun (Ditylenchus dipsaci) mücadelesi için in vitro etkinliği

“…In a study conducted under greenhouse conditions, arugula as applied green manure in soil reduced the populations of Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood 1949 and M. chitwoodi Golden et al 1980and Paratrichodorus allius Jensen, 1963up to 99% (Riga, 2011. Similar effects have been recorded against root knot nematodes by Kruger et al (2015).…”

“…), from the Brassicaceae family, on nematode control have been found to be high, mostly for Meloidogyne spp. (Johnson et al, 1992;Mojtahedi et al, 1993;Al-Rehiayani and Hafez, 1998;Potter et al, 1998;Stapleton and Duncan, 1998;McLeod and Steel, 1999;Melakeberhan et al, 2006;Kaşkavalcı et al, 2009;Youssef and Lashein, 2013;Kruger et al, 2015).…”

Biofumigation for Fighting Replant Disease- A Review

“…Typical biofumigation crops are mustards such as Brassica juncea, Sinapis alba, Eruca sativa or Raphanus sativus varieties [39,40]. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), which is rich in allyl glucosinolate, a precursor to allyl isothiocyanate, was most effective in bioassay screenings of Brassicaceae cultivars [41][42][43].…”

Host suitability level of selected Brassicaceae plants for Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) and Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae)

“…Çalışmada zayıf konukçu olarak tespit edilen rokanın farklı bir çeşidi (Nemat) daha önce değişik araştırıcılar tarafından farklı kök-ur nematodu türlerine karşı denenmiş ve benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir (Curto et al, 2005;Melakeberhan et al, 2006;Kokalis-Burella et al, 2013;Edwards & Ploeg, 2014;Kruger et al, 2015). Bu çalışmada olduğu gibi, Curto et al (2005) M. incognita'nın, Melakeberhan et al (2006 ise M. hapla'nın bu bitki üzerinde hayat döngülerini tamamlama sürelerinin oldukça uzun olduğunu ve çok az dişi bireyin gelişebildiği tespit etmişlerdir.…”