Controllable fabrication of a flexible transparent metallic grid conductor based on the coffee ring effect

Zhang, Zhiliang; Zhu, Weiyue

doi:10.1039/c4tc01908c

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Several strategies have been employed to suppress coffee ring effect, such as drying on a smooth substrate or by constraining the evaporation at the edge with a centrically perforated plate above the drop, electrowetting or drying droplets in an electric field, a mixture of two or more different liquids with different vapor pressures and surface tensions, and a sufficiently fast increase in viscosity after deposition . Note that utilizing coffee ring effect has also been investigated for depositing functional structures and will be discussed in Section .…”

Section: Printing Technology: Materials and Recent Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing Conductive Nanomaterials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications

Huang

Zhu

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

358

347

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PE has been explored for the manufacturing of flexible and stretchable electronic devices by printing functional inks containing soluble or dispersed materials, [14][15][16] which has enabled a wide variety of applications, such as transparent conductive films (TCFs), flexible energy harvesting and storage, thin film transistors (TFTs), electroluminescent devices, and wearable sensors. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The global PE market should reach $26.6 billion by 2022 from $14.0 billion in 2017 at a compound annual growth rate of 13.6%. [25] PE devices are manufactured by a variety of printing technologies. Typical printing technologies can be divided into two broad categories: noncontact patterning (or nozzle-based patterning) and contact-based patterning. The noncontact techniques include inkjet printing, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing, aerosol jet printing, and slot die coating, while screen printing, gravure printing, and flexographic printing are examples of the contact techniques. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages, but they all rely on the principle of transferring inks to a substrate. Understanding the characteristics and recent advances of each printing technique is important to further the progress in PE. Moreover, to promote the lab-scale printing technologies to large-scale production process, roll-toroll (R2R) printing, which is one of the manufacturing methods to obtain large-area films with low cost and excellent durability, has drawn much attention from both industry and the research community.Nearly all of devices based on PE require conductive structures, interconnects, and contacts; therefore, highly conductive patterns, usually with high transparency and/or high resolution, fabricated by means of printing conductive materials are one of the most critical components in PE devices. Various printable conductive nanomaterials, such as metal nanomaterials (e.g., metal nanoparticles and metal nanowires) and carbon nanomaterials (e.g., graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)), have been explored and used as major materials for PE. Applying printing technology to deposition of the conductive nanomaterials requires formulation of suitable inks. After depositing inks on different substrates, post-printing treatment, Printed electronics is attracting a great deal of attention in both research and commercialization as it enables fabrication of large-scale, low-cost electronic devices on a variety of substrates. Printed electronics plays a critical role infacilitating widespread flexible electronics and more recently stretchable electronics. Conductive nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles and nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, are promising building blocks for printed electronics. Nanomaterial-based printing technologies, formulation of printable inks, post-printing treatment, and integration of functional devices have progressed substantially in the recent years. This review summarizes basic principles and recent development of common printing technologie...

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Section: Printing Technology: Materials and Recent Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printing Conductive Nanomaterials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications

Huang

Zhu

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

358

347

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“…6 This phenomenon is known as the coffee ring effect, which has been utilized to form electrodes for organic thin lm transistors and transparent electrodes on exible substrates. [7][8][9] But the elimination of the coffee ring effect is necessary for inkjet printing of O/PLEDs in order to form uniform lms in the printed pixels, which are useful for obtaining an increased ratio of light emitting area in every pixel and electrical uniformity improvement in display panels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet printed polystyrene sulfuric acid-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) uniform thickness films in confined grooves through decreasing the surface tension of PEDOT inks

et al. 2017

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“…Zhiliang Zhang et al, [48] propose an effective and facile strategy to deposit silver nanoparticles in various patterns by utilizing the coffee-ring effect with an inkjet printing technique based on investigation of the influence of substrate wettability on the coffee-ring effect. The droplets of silver nanoparticle ink are inkjet-printed on the substrate; subsequently, capillary fluid flows are induced to replenish the evaporation loss at the edge owing to the CRE, originating from the differential evaporation rates across the droplets [49].…”

Section: The Physical Properties Of the Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying Droplets: A Review on its Numerical and Experimental Studies to Remove Coffee Ring Effect

Ying¹,

Ngali²,

Azmi³

et al. 2020

ARFMTS

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It is widely known that significant rejection percentage of substrates in the hard disk manufacturing industry is due to the stain appeared during drying of cleaning solution after platting process. Comparison of the characteristics and the causes of these stains suggested that the study of coffee ring effect (CRE) and droplets analysis are needed before any further analysis is carried out. In this review on CRE and droplets, both numerical and experimental works were critically analyzed. Previous studies have highlighted that the drying process of the water droplets are affected by the properties of the water droplets, substrate and temperature. Manipulation of Constant Contact Angle, Constant Contact Radius, advanced contact angle and receding contact angle by varying the arrangement of the substrates and the position of the drying equipment is required to attain the optimum setup to eliminate CRE. Furthermore, manipulation of the temperature of the substrates can enhance the drying process of the droplets before the formation of CRE but the process must not change the properties of the substrates. CRE formation also depends on the properties of the substrates and water droplets. Changing the chemical properties substrates are not advisable to eliminate CRE due to its complex design of the substrates for data storing. All the numerical tests have to be performed according to correct procedures to ensure accurate and acceptance by the industries. Verified and validated results from the evaluation will help to accurately predict the real consequences for further optimization. Knowing that the formation of CRE is caused by the evaporating of the water droplets, we need to find ways to eliminate the formation of water droplets before the heating process, in order to eliminate CRE.

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Controllable fabrication of a flexible transparent metallic grid conductor based on the coffee ring effect

Abstract: Flexible transparent metallic grid-based conductors were successfully fabricated and sintered at room temperature based on the coffee ring effect.

Cited by 35 publications

References 40 publications

Printing Conductive Nanomaterials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications

Printing Conductive Nanomaterials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications

Inkjet printed polystyrene sulfuric acid-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) uniform thickness films in confined grooves through decreasing the surface tension of PEDOT inks

Drying Droplets: A Review on its Numerical and Experimental Studies to Remove Coffee Ring Effect

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