Controlled Artificial Generation of Ultra-Low-Frequency Hydromagnetic Waves in the Ionosphere and Magnetosphere

Abstract

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The high-Tcsuperconductors: a conservative view

“…A solid friction energy should thus be spent to move these vortices in a direction normal to the Cu02planes at 0 K; a thermally activated creep should also occur at finite temperatures, involving the creation and propagation of kinks (Friedel 1964). When rotating the vortices away from such a parallel position under an applied field, this friction should give rise to a sudden motion at a critical angle of applied field (Villard and Feinberg 1989); this may have been observed (Fruchter et a1 1989). No such Peierls friction is observed for the glide of vortices parallel to the CuOz planes, indicating that 51, is indeed definitely larger than the lattice parameter along those planes.…”

Dissociation Behavior of Clathrate Hydrates to Ice and Dependence on Guest Molecules

“… [a] The data sets are ordered according to dissociation pressure ( P d ) at 273 K. Taken from references 1, 20–25. Volume and maximum length of guest molecules were calculated using the Winmoster program 26.…”

Liquid Propane + Water Phase Equilibria at Hydrate Conditions

“…It is evident from the diagram shown in Figure that propane has the highest specific energy content of hydrocarbons. Many studies have been devoted to hydrates of propane, the first by Villard . The region of interest is primarily pressures from (0.1 to 1500) MPa and temperatures from (235 to 334) K. Analysis of the data published by different researchers shows significant disagreement.…”

“…Many studies have been devoted to hydrates of propane, the first by Villard. 1 The region of interest is primarily pressures from (0.1 to 1500) MPa and temperatures from (235 to 334) K. Analysis of the data published by different researchers shows significant disagreement. Table 1 and Figure 2 give the dissociation conditions of liquid propane hydrate reported by Wilcox et al, 2 Reamer et al, 3 Verma, 4 Robinson et al, 5 and Berecz et al 6 and predicted using software from Robinson 5 and Sloan.…”