Controlling Kondo-like Scattering at the SrTiO3-based Interfaces

Han, Kun; Palina, Natalia; Zeng, Shengwei; Huang, Zhen; Li, C. J.; Zhou, W. X.; Wan, DY; Zhang, Lingchao; Chi, Xiao; Guo, Rui; Chen, Jingsheng; Venkatesan, T.; Rusydi, Andrivo; Ariando, Ariando

doi:10.1038/srep25455

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Han et al [401] reported weaker Kondo signatures in samples that were expected to have a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies (growth at lower oxygen partial pressure without post annealing). The explanation was that in the samples with more oxygen vacancies, the conduction networks extended into the bulk and were able to evade the dilute local moments, resulting in the weaker coupling between the iterant carriers and localized moments [401].…”

Section: Kondo Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

et al. 2018

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1 Overview 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Oxide growth techniques are rooted in search for high-Tc superconductors 2 1.1.2 First reports of interface conductivity 2 1.2 2D physics 2 1.3 Emergent properties of oxide heterostructures and nanostructures 3 1.4 Outline 3 2 Relevant properties of SrTiO3 3 2.1 Structural properties and transitions 3 2.2 Ferroelectricity, Paraelectricity and Quantum Paraelectricity 4 2.3 Electronic structure 5 2.4 Defects 6 2.4.1 Oxygen vacancies 6 2.4.2 Terraces 7 2.5 Superconductivity 7 3 SrTiO3-based heterostructures and nanostructures 8 3.1 Varieties of heterostructures 8 3.1.1 SrTiO3 only 9 3.1.2 LaAlO3/SrTiO3 9 3.1.3 Other heterostructures formed with SrTiO3 10 3.2 Thin-film growth 10 3.2.1 Substrates 10 3.2.2 SrTiO3 surface treatment 11 3.2.3 Pulsed Laser Deposition 11 3.2.4 Atomic Layer Deposition 13 3.2.5 Molecular Beam Epitaxy 14 3.2.6 Sputtering 15 3.3 Device Fabrication 15 3.3.1 "Conventional" photolithography - Thickness Modulation, hard masks, etc. 15 3.3.2 Ion beam irradiation 16 3.3.3 Conductive-AFM lithography 16 4 Properties and phase diagram of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 16 4.1 Insulating state 16 4.2 Conducting state 17 4.2.1 Confinement thickness (the depth profile of the 2DEG) 17 4.3 Metal-insulator transition and critical thickness 18 4.3.1 Polar catastrophe ( electronic reconstruction) 18 4.3.2 Oxygen Vacancies 19 4.3.3 Interdiffusion 20 4.3.4 Polar Interdiffusion + oxygen vacancies + antisite pairs 20 4.3.5 Role of surface adsorbates 21 4.3.6 Hidden FE like distortion - Strain induced instability 21 4.4 Structural properties and transitions 21 4.5 Electronic band structure 22 4.5.1 Theory 22 4.5.2 Experiment 23 4.5.3 Lifshitz transition 24 4.6 Defects, doping, and compensation 25 4.7 Magnetism 25 4.7.1 Experimental evidence 25 4.7.2 Two types of magnetism 27 4.7.3 Ferromagnetism 27 4.7.4 Metamagnetism 28 4.8 Superconductivity 28 4.9 Optical properties 29 4.9.1 Photoluminesce experiments 29 4.9.2 Second Harmonic Generation 29 4.10 Coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism 30 4.11 Magnetic and conducting phases 30 5 Quantum transport in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures and microstructures 31 5.1 2D transport 31 5.2 Inhomogeneous Transport 31 5.3 Anisotropic Magnetoresistance 32 5.4 Spin-orbit coupling 32 5.5 Anomalous Hall Effect 34 5.6 Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) Oscillation 35 5.7 Quantum Hall Effect 37 5.8 Spintronic Effects 38 6 Quantum transport in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 nanostructures 39 6.1 Quasi-1D Superconductivity 39 6.2 Universal conductance fluctuations 40 6.3 Dissipationless Electronic Waveguides 40 6.4 Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID) 41 6.5 Electron pairing without superconductivity 41 6.6 Tun...

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Section: Kondo Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

et al. 2018

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“…The sample had 12 monolayers of LSAT deposited on (111) oriented STO using pulsed laser deposition, at a growth partial oxygen pressure of 10 −4 Torr. 31,32 No post growth annealing step was performed. Ti/Au was deposited on contact pads of the Hall bars, and Al wirebonds were made to allow for a 4-probe measurement of transverse and longitudinal resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetism in (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35
Bal¹,
Huang²,
Han³
et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. B
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Two dimensional conducting interfaces in SrTiO3 based heterostructures display a variety of coexisting and competing physical phenomena, which can be tuned by the application of a gate voltage. (111) oriented heterostructures have recently gained attention due to the possibility of finding exotic physics in these systems owing to their hexagonal surface crystal symmetry. In this work, we use magnetoresistance to study the evolution of spin-orbit interaction and magnetism in (111) oriented (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)/SrTiO3. At more positive values of the gate voltage, which correspond to high carrier densities, we find that transport is multiband, and dominated by high mobility carriers with a tendency towards weak localization. At more negative gate voltages, the carrier density is reduced, the high mobility bands are depopulated, and weak antilocalization effects begin to dominate, indicating that spin-orbit interaction becomes stronger. At millikelvin temperatures, at gate voltages corresponding to the strong spin-orbit regime, we observe hysteresis in magnetoresistance, indicative of ferromagnetism in the system. Our results suggest that in the (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)/SrTiO3 system, low mobility carriers which experience strong spin-orbit interactions participate in creating magnetic order in the system.

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“…Earlier work on (001) LAO/STO interfaces 15 demonstrated that strain at the interface can drastically change conduction, whereas recent studies of LSAT grown on (001) STO suggested that the lower strain compared to LAO significantly increased the carrier mobility. 24,29 However, there have been only a few transport experiments performed on LSAT/STO interfaces to date, and none on (111) oriented LSAT/STO. In particular, the effect of an electric field, which has proved to be a powerful tool to probe the properties of other STO based interface devices, has not been studied in the case of LSAT/STO.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic tuning of magnetism at the conducting (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)/SrTiO3 interface

Bal

Huang

Han

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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We present measurements of the low temperature electrical transport properties of the two dimensional carrier gas that forms at the interface of (111) (La 0.3 Sr 0.7 )(Al 0.65 Ta 0.35 )/SrTiO 3 (LSAT/STO) as a function of applied back gate voltage, V g . As is found in (111) LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 interfaces, the low-field Hall coefficient is electron-like, but shows a sharp reduction in magnitude below V g ∼ 20 V, indicating the presence of holelike carriers in the system. This same value of V g correlates approximately with the gate voltage below which the magnetoresistance evolves from nonhysteretic to hysteretic behavior at millikelvin temperatures, signaling the onset of magnetic order in the system. We believe our results can provide insight into the mechanism of magnetism in SrTiO 3 based systems.For more than ten years, the two dimensional carrier gas in SrTiO 3 (STO) based heterostructures has provided us with a model system to study a wide variety of physical phenomena, such as magnetism, superconductivity, spinorbit interaction, and localization effects. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Adding to the interest is the fact that these interfacial phenomena can be tuned by a range of experimental handles, including applied electric fields, 3 oxygen partial pressure during growth, 5,8,9 capping layers, 10 post growth annealing treatment, 11,12 crystal orientation, 14 and strain. 15 So far, most studies on these heterostructures have focused on LaAlO 3 (LAO) deposited on a (001) oriented STO substrate. However, it was recently discovered that changing the surface crystal orientation can vastly change the properties of the carrier gas.14 In particular, a tunable anisotropy in transport parameters was observed in (110) and (111) oriented LAO/STO. 12,13,[16][17][18] The (111) oriented interface has also been predicted to show novel topological phases, given that the surface Ti atoms in STO form a honeycomb lattice that hosts orbitals with hexagonal symmetry. 19-23(La 0.3 Sr 0.7 )(Al 0.65 Ta 0.35 ) (LSAT) is a commonly used substrate for the growth of other perovskite films. When LSAT is grown on STO, a two-dimensional carrier gas forms at the LSAT/STO interface.24 LSAT has a band gap of 4.9 eV, 25 smaller than the LAO band gap of 5.6 eV, 26 which can affect the relative importance of the different mechanisms contributing to the formation of the conducting gas. LSAT has a 1 % lattice mismatch with STO, as opposed to a 3 % mismatch in the case of LAO, which means the interfacial STO layers experience a smaller strain in the case of LSAT/STO. Also, unlike LAO, but similar to STO, LSAT undergoes a cubic to tetragonal transition at about 100 K, 27,28 which is also expected to reduce strain effects. Earlier work on (001) LAO/STO interfaces 15 demonstrated that strain at the interface can drastically change conduction, whereas recent studies of LSAT grown on (001) STO suggested that the lower strain compared to LAO significantly increased the carrier mobility.24,29 However, there have been only a few transport experiments performed ...

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Controlling Kondo-like Scattering at the SrTiO3-based Interfaces

Cited by 40 publications

References 48 publications

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetism in (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35
Bal¹,
Huang²,
Han³
et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. B
Self Cite
4
2
9
0
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Electrostatic tuning of magnetism at the conducting (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)/SrTiO3 interface

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Controlling Kondo-like Scattering at the SrTiO3-based Interfaces

Cited by 40 publications

References 48 publications

Physics of SrTiO3-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Physics of SrTiO3-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetism in (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35Bal1, Huang2, Han3 et al. 2018Phys. Rev. BSelf Cite4290View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Electrostatic tuning of magnetism at the conducting (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)/SrTiO3 interface

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About

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Physics of SrTiO₃-based heterostructures and nanostructures: a review

Strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetism in (111) (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35
Bal¹,
Huang²,
Han³
et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. B
Self Cite
4
2
9
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite