Controlling Performance of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Triboelectric Nanogenerators via Chemical Composition Modulation and Electric Field‐Induced Ion Migration

Abstract

In this paper, new strategies are proposed to design high-performance organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (PVK)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) via both chemical composition modulation and electric field-induced ion migration in the films. Both composition variation and ion migration under electric field are found to change the type of conductivity of the perovskite films, then modify their surface potentials and electron affinities. These are utilized to fabricate PVK-based TENGs in pairs with poly-tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or nylon films, respectively. Results show that PVK films are able to work as either a positive or a negative tribo-material depending on the tribo-material pair used; the optimal performances are obtained for PTFE/ PVK TENGs using a PVK film with a MAI/PbI 2 ratio of 2 and forward polarization, and for nylon/PVK TENGs using a PVK film with a MAI/PbI 2 ratio of 0.4 and reverse polarization, respectively. The maximum output voltage and peak power density of PTFE/PVK TENGs are about 979 V and 24 W m −2 , 2.5 and 6.5 times higher than those of TENGs with nonoptimal composition ratio or that are poorly polarized. This work provides a new material design method for high-performance TENGs and a novel polarization strategy for TENG performance enhancement.

Cost-Effective High-Performance Charge-Carrier-Transport-Layer-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Achieved by Suppressing Ion Migration

“…Unlike the full PSCs, without the blocking effect of ion migration from the HTL layer, the PCEs of all five groups of HTL-free PSCs showed a noticeable downward trend as the scan rate decreased from 2 V s –1 to 0.05 V s –1 (Figure f). The PCE variation of the 1.00 based HTL-free PSCs when measured at different scan rates was smallest among the five groups, reflecting that the ion migration was reduced within the 1.00 film, which is in accordance with recent results that the degree of ion migration varies within the MAPbI 3 samples fabricated with different precursor ratios. − These results are consistent with the forward (FW) and backward (BW) scans hysteresis results (Table S2) in the J–V measurements for various PSCs.…”

“…MAPbI 3 is chosen as a light absorber for PSC construction due to its remarkable ion migration characteristics and high reproducibility. ,− The MA + and I – are recognized as the dominant positive and negative mobile ions in the MAPbI 3 system. , The possible migration pathways for MA + and I – can be Schottky defects, grain boundaries, and lattice distortions . The densities of MA + /I – ions and the migration pathway can be simply tuned by changing the precursor ratio in the MAPbI 3 system.…”

“…32,42 The ion migration within the MAPbI 3 film can be accelerated by applying an external bias voltage. 40,43 Here, a voltage of 3.2 V was applied on the perovskite films for 12 h (Figure S6) to accelerate the ion migration within the samples. Multiple characterizations were conducted to document the variations in terms of morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), optical absorption (optical absorption spectroscopy), crystal structural and composition (XRD), and surface potential (Kelvin probe force microscopy, KPFM) of these perovskite samples.…”

Prospects of Metal‐Free Perovskites for Piezoelectric Applications

“…[134] Due to the unique properties of lead-based halide perovskites, several attempts have been made in exploring related applications, such as pyroelectric, flexoelectric, triboelec-tric, and piezoelectric. [85,[135][136][137] For instance, MAPbI 3 has been demonstrated to be applicable for PENG design. [85] Additionally, FAPbBr 2 I/PVDF nanocomposites designed as self-powered integrated wireless electronic node (SIWEN) devices are shown in Figure 7b-e.…”

Structure, optoelectronic properties and thermal stability of the triple organic cation GAxFAxMA1−2xPbI3 system prepared by mechanochemical synthesis

“…Most of the interest in these materials is due to their outstanding performance in optoelectronic devices. Apart from solar cells, the tremendous attention dedicated to these perovskites in the last decade has also resulted in current applications in X-ray 1 and neutron 2 detectors, gamma-ray photon counters, 3 triboelectric nanogenerators, 4 and radiofrequency decoupling capacitors. 5 In part, the versatility and the advancement observed can be attributed to the wide availability of possible compositions (whether for A, B, and/or Y sites), to the several synthesis routes used (by chemical solution or not), and to the preparation of these materials under different architectures (as thin films, powders, single crystals, etc.…”