Controlling phase separation of binary Bose-Einstein condensates via mixed-spin-channel Feshbach resonance

Tojo, Satoshi; Taguchi, Yoshihisa; Masuyama, Yoshiro; Hayashi, Tarō; Saito, Hiroki; Hirano, Takuya

doi:10.1103/physreva.82.033609

Cited by 213 publications

(233 citation statements)

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“…Such multicomponent BEC's can be realized when more than one hyperfine spin state is simultaneously populated or when more than one species of atoms are mixed. The s-wave scattering wave-length can be tuned via a Feshbach resonance [3][4][5]. Moreover, recent experimental achievement of a condensate of ytterbium offers condensations up to five components [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex trimer in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Eto

Nitta

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex trimer in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Eto

Nitta

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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“…Resonant two-photon combined radio-frequency and microwave radiation coherently couples the two hyperfine states (a 11 , a 22 , a 12 ) = (95.0, 100.4, 97.7) a B [8] leading to a system close to the miscibility-immiscibiliy threshold a 2 12 = a 11 a 22 [16,17]. Utilizing a Feshbach resonance at B = 9.10 G [18,19] we tune a 12 into the miscible (B = 9.17 G, a 12 ≈ 94a B ) and immiscible regime (B = 9.03 G, a 12 ≈ 102a B ) [10]. Three-body recombination and spin relaxation losses in |2 result in a 1/e-lifetime of 310 ms for both magnetic field settings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rabi Flopping Induces Spatial Demixing Dynamics

et al. 2011

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We experimentally investigate the mixing/demixing dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of a linear coupling between two internal states. The observed amplitude reduction of the Rabi oscillations can be understood as a result of demixing dynamics of dressed states as experimentally confirmed by reconstructing the spatial profile of dressed state amplitudes. The observations are in quantitative agreement with numerical integration of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations without free parameters, which also reveals the criticality of the dynamics on the symmetry of the system. Our observations demonstrate new possibilities for changing effective atomic interactions and studying critical phenomena. PACS numbers: 32.80.Qk, 03.75.Kk, 03.75.Mn Critical phenomena appear in many areas of physics including phase transitions [1] and nonlinear dynamical systems [2]. Their experimental study requires a high level of control in order to quantitatively compare with theoretical predictions.Multi-component Bose gases featuring miscibilityimmiscibility transitions are prototypical systems for the investigation of critical phenomena due to unprecedented experimental control of the relevant parameters. Early experiments with Bose-Einstein condensates revealed demixing as well as mixing dynamics of two [3] and three-component [4] quantum fluids. In the latter, even spontaneous symmetry breaking and the corresponding pattern formation has been observed [5,6]. While these experiments have been performed with fixed interaction between the components, atomic systems also allow for the control of the interspecies interaction strength via a Feshbach resonance. This has enabled experiments, that clearly demonstrate miscibilityimmiscibility transitions [7] and study the two-component dynamics in detail [8][9][10]. An alternative approach for the control of interaction properties and the corresponding dynamics in one-dimensional systems has been demonstrated using state-selective transversal confinement [11]. Recently it has been shown, that the miscibility characteristics of spinor gases can be changed using Raman coupling [12].In the present letter, we experimentally investigate the theoretically predicted miscibility properties of two spin states in a Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of linear coupling [13][14][15]. We report on the experimental observation of the demixing dynamics of the relevant spin states, i.e. dressed states. The (im)miscibility of the system manifests itself in the amplitude of the Rabi oscillations, which is given by the spatial overlap of the corresponding dressed states. Employing both sides of an interspecies Feshbach resonance, the miscible and immiscible regime of the uncoupled two-component system is accessible allowing to contrast the mixing/demixing dynamics to the coupled situation. As shown in the right panel of Fig. 1 the amplitude of the Rabi oscillations drops in the miscible regime (top) and remains close to unity for immiscible parameters (bottom). These observations indicate...

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“…This method of domain counting can easily be adopted experimentally by performing absorption imaging of the two components after Stern-Gerlach separation [54,55]. The mean number of formed domains N d versus the quench time τ Q is plotted in Fig.…”

Section: Homogeneous Bose-einstein Condensate In a Ring Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bose-Einstein Condensate

Rudra¹,

Rudra²

2009

Basic Statistical Physics

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Abstract.Continuous phase transitions occur in a wide range of physical systems, and provide a context for the study of non-equilibrium dynamics and the formation of topological defects. The Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism predicts the scaling of the resulting density of defects as a function of the quench rate through a critical point, and this can provide an estimate of the critical exponents of a phase transition. In this work we extend our previous study of the miscible-immiscible phase transition of a binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) composed of two hyperfine states in which the spin dynamics are confined to one dimension [J. Sabbatini et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 230402 (2011)]. The transition is engineered by controlling a Hamiltonian quench of the coupling amplitude of the two hyperfine states, and results in the formation of a random pattern of spatial domains. Using the numerical truncated Wigner phase space method, we show that in a ring BEC the number of domains formed in the phase transitions scales as predicted by the KZ theory. We also consider the same experiment performed with a harmonically trapped BEC, and investigate how the density inhomogeneity modifies the dynamics of the phase transition and the KZ scaling law for the number of domains. We then make use of the symmetry between inhomogeneous phase transitions in anisotropic systems, and an inhomogeneous quench in a homogeneous system, to engineer coupling quenches that allow us to quantify several aspects of inhomogeneous phase transitions. In particular, we quantify the effect of causality in the propagation of the phase transition front on the resulting formation of domain walls, and find indications that the density of defects is determined during the impulse to adiabatic transition after the crossing of the critical point.

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Controlling phase separation of binary Bose-Einstein condensates via mixed-spin-channel Feshbach resonance

Cited by 213 publications

References 40 publications

Vortex trimer in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Vortex trimer in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Rabi Flopping Induces Spatial Demixing Dynamics

Bose-Einstein Condensate

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