Controlling the Optical, Electrical and Chemical Properties of Carbon Inverse Opal by Nitrogen Doping

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped carbon inverse opal (CIO-N) is synthesized by a two-step process involving the infi ltration of carbon-nitrogen precursors within opals followed by the thermolysis and removal of the opal structure in hydrofl uoric acid (HF). Undoped samples exhibit a refl ection peak in the red region of the spectrum whereas N-doped samples display shifts to the blue region of the spectrum as the nitrogen content is increased. The degree of crystallinity of CIO-N strongly depends upon the nitrogen content and on the size of the precursor silica particles used to prepare the inverted opals. In addition, the introduction of nitrogen into the samples is able to increase the electrical conductivity by one order of magnitude from 2 to 30 S cm −1 (at room temperature). All samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurements. It is envisaged that CIO-N could have important applications in the fabrication of photonic crystals, photoconducting materials, molecular sensors, fi eld emission devices, capacitors, batteries, among many others.

Promising Nitrogen-Rich Porous Carbons Derived from One-Step Calcium Chloride Activation of Biomass-Based Waste for High Performance Supercapacitors

“…This effect is mainly related to the increase of nitrogen doping content with the enhancement of urea during the preparation process. The higher nitrogen content leads to the higher wavenumber of the D peak . For the two S 100 and S 102 samples, they also exhibit the similar result.…”

“…The higher nitrogen content leads to the higher wavenumber of the D peak. 61 For the two S 100 and S 102 samples, they also exhibit the similar result. In addition, the slight shift of the G-band could be attributed to the structural defects of 3D-NPCs by nitrogen doping.…”

“…In addition, the slight shift of the G-band could be attributed to the structural defects of 3D-NPCs by nitrogen doping. 61 XPS (Figure 4d) is used to identify the N and O contents of the samples. For the S 102 , S 121 , and S 122 samples, there are three obvious peaks at around 284.8, 399.9, and 533.2 eV that corresponded to C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s peaks, respectively.…”

3D-ordered carbon materials by melt-shear organization for tailor-made hybrid core–shell polymer particle architectures

“…[27][28][29][30] Carbon-based (nano)materials have attracted enormous attention due to their exciting properties and widespread potential in the fields of lithium-and sodium-ion batteries, catalysis, water purification, optoelectronic materials, and hydrogen storage. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] However, many approaches towards industrial scale porous carbon materials are emerging with issues as typically fragile structures featuring defects are obtained during required multi-step procedures. 38 As a result, material properties are strongly and often negatively affected which therefore limit their technological potential.…”

Photonic crystal based biosensors: Emerging inverse opals for biomarker detection

“…Carbon invers opals (CIOs) with porous 3D ordered structures, excellently diffracting light and absorbing hydrogen, provide examples of PBG PC materials. CIOs as a novel-structure carbon material has wide applications in optical and electrical fields, such as optics activator, storage battery, superconductivity nanostructures and other fields, such as absorption, separation, catalysis, and so on [ [70] , [71] , [72] ]. Many researchers have prepared CIOs with different monomers as precursors.…”