Controls of the hydraulic safety–efficiency trade-off

Grossiord, Charlotte; Ulrich, Danielle; Vilagrosa, Alberto

doi:10.1093/treephys/tpaa013

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Xylem hydraulic efficiency depends on the diameter and frequency of vessels per unit in cross‐sectional area (Giménez et al, 2014). Hydraulic conductivity in lianas is more efficient than trees or shrubs because they have developed a greater number of vessels, of all sizes, per unit transection that offer less resistance to the water movement from roots to leaves (Rosell and Olson, 2014), but dysfunctions in the xylem such as embolisms and cavitation from water stress can impede the efficiency of water transport (Grossiord et al, 2020). Xylem embolism resistance is one of the most important traits determining plant drought resistance (Chen et al).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Bignoniaceae liana from the Miocene of South America and its evolutionary significance

Franco

Brea

Cerdeño

2021

American J of Botany

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Premise Two Bignoniaceae stems with the distinctive anatomy of a liana are described from the Miocene of South America. They are the first fossil evidence of climbing habit in Bignoniaceae. Methods The fossil lianas are siliceous permineralizations. Transverse, tangential, and radial thin sections of the woods were prepared for study using standard petrographic techniques and observed under both light and scanning electron microscopy. Results The stems consist of wood and presumably bark (peripheral tissues). They exhibit phloem wedges, a cambial variant associated with the climbing habit in Bignoniaceae. The wood is diffuse‐porous; solitary and in radial multiples vessels; alternated intervessel pitting; ray‐vessel pitting with distinct borders; simple perforation plates; rays 1–3 seriate, composed of procumbent cells or body ray cells procumbent with one or two‐row of upright or square marginal cells; fibers septate and non‐septate, with simple to minutely bordered pits; axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal, vasicentric, septate; perforated ray cells; prismatic crystals in rays, and rays and fibers irregularly storied. The fossil stems are related to extant Dolichandra unguis‐cati (L.) Miers. Conclusions The fossils represent a new taxon, Dolichandra pacei sp. nov., which confirms the presence of a neotropical Bignoniaceae liana from the Miocene and provides the first and oldest evidence of the climbing habit in the family. Paleobotanical studies in the Mariño Formation, with the record of Bignoniaceae and Verbenaceae, and phylogenetic and biogeographical studies have great importance to understand plant evolution and diversification in South American Andes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Bignoniaceae liana from the Miocene of South America and its evolutionary significance

Franco

Brea

Cerdeño

2021

American J of Botany

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“…The role of P50 as an indicator of vulnerability to cavitation is well established, whereby leaves of species adapted to more arid conditions lie at the far end of the hydraulic safety/efficiency trade-off. These leaves have smaller conduit diameters, thicker cell walls, greater redundancy and low water transport resistance (Trueba et al ., 2019; Grossiord et al ., 2020). However, the range over which cavitation occurs, although intuitively a drought resistance trait, may relate more to the drought adaptive strategy of species, for example, where P50 stem is combined with leaf stomatal conductance traits to characterise iso/anisohydric strategies (Skelton et al ., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A tradeoff between efficiency and strength has been found to exist in the construction of plant xylem networks in leaves (Liu et al ., 2021; Grossiord et al ., 2020; Pritzkow et al ., 2019). Thinner, more numerous conduits have increased tolerance to cavitation than larger conduits but have a higher mass to flow area ratio, increasing the hydraulic resistance of flow through the leaf and costing the plant more in the tradeoff to carbon fixation and evaporative cooling (Santiago et al ., 2018; Klein et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability to cavitation is linked to home climate precipitation across eight eucalypt species

Coleman

Salter

Merchant

2021

Preprint

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Vulnerability to cavitation in leaves is the result of highly adaptive anatomical and physiological traits that can be linked to water availability in a species' climate of origin. Despite similar gross leaf morphology, eucalypt species are often confined to specific climate envelopes across the variable rainfall environments of Australia. In this study, we investigate how the progression of cavitation differs among eucalypts and whether this is related to other hydraulic and physical leaf traits. We used the Optical Visualisation technique to capture cavitation progression across the leaves of eight eucalypt species (Angophora crassifolia, Corymbia tessellaris, Eucalyptus atrata, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus laevopinea, Eucalyptus longifolia, Eucalyptus macrandra, Eucalyptus tereticornis) from a wide range of climates and grown in a common garden setting. Vulnerability to cavitation, represented by the leaf water potential required for 50% cavitation of leaf vessels, varied significantly among species (-3.48 MPa to -8.25 MPa) and correlated linearly with home climate precipitation and leaf SLA (R2 of 0.64 and 0.75, respectively). P12-P88, the range of water potentials between which 12% to 88% of cavitation occurs, was decoupled from P50 but also correlated with leaf SLA (R2 of 0.72). We suggest the magnitude of P12-P88 may be representative of a species' drought strategy - a large P12-P88 signifying leaves that exhibit drought tolerance (retention of leaves under drought conditions) and a small P12-P88 signifying drought avoidance (leaf shedding after a threshold of drought is reached). Our results agree with other studies that highlight these cavitation metrics as genetically fixed traits. Turgor loss point, on the other hand, may be more plastic, as evidenced by the low variability of this trait across these eucalypt species grown in a common garden environment. Further study will help to establish the SLA-related anatomical traits that impart cavitation resistance and to extend these conclusions to a greater number of species and home climates.

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“…Drought-stressed trees thus face a "safety-efficiency" trade-off (Grossiord et al, 2020). A more conservative behavior, through strict adjustment of water-regulating physiological parameters, such as a tight stomatal closure, makes it possible to avoid long-term damage to hydraulic pathways at the expanse of carbon uptake.…”

Section: Climatically Exceptional Periods Such As the 2018-2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using global databases to disentangle trait‐specific and environmental influences on forest drought sensitivity

Marchand

2022

Global Change Biology

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Recent extreme climate events, such as droughts, have led to unprecedented forest dieback worldwide. Serra‐Maluquer et al. (2022) used open access, global scale databases to link woody species’ drought tolerance capabilities to their specific set of life‐history traits. They found that species that produce denser woody tissues and can tolerate more negative leaf water potentials are more resilient to extreme drought events, regardless of local conditions. This is an invited commentary on Serra‐Maluquer et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16123.

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Controls of the hydraulic safety–efficiency trade-off

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

First Bignoniaceae liana from the Miocene of South America and its evolutionary significance

First Bignoniaceae liana from the Miocene of South America and its evolutionary significance

Vulnerability to cavitation is linked to home climate precipitation across eight eucalypt species

Using global databases to disentangle trait‐specific and environmental influences on forest drought sensitivity

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