Controversial problems of clinical psychiatry

Abstract

Current existing problems of clinical psychiatry are considered in the aspect of most urgent and unresolved issues in the field of schizophrenia. Special attention is drawn to the differences in existing approaches to the classification of schizophrenia. In this connection, the author emphasizes the importance of the classification developed by A.V. Snezhnevsky and his school for theoretical and practical psychiatry. In view of this classification, the problem of clinical heterogeneity of schizophrenia related with the conception of different disease forms is considered. Difficulties of diagnosis of some forms and psychopathological evaluation of psychotic attacks developed in the continuous course of schizophrenia well as insufficient understanding of the problem of negative (deficit) symptoms and remission classification are discussed.

Child Abuse in Russia

“…Catatonia is associated with schizophrenic disorders; however, it is now described in different conditions [36,38]. Childhood autism was not uniformly accepted in Russia as a separate entity, being often diagnosed and treated as childhood schizophrenia [39,40]. Russian psychiatrists tended to diagnose schizophrenia more frequently than foreign colleagues both in children and in adults [41,42].…”

Incidence of the Diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders in the Russian Federation: Results of a Web-Based Survey of Psychiatrists

“…Several major underlying factors can contribute to the lower than expected prevalence of ADs in the Russian Federation. First, Russian psychiatrists may not use the diagnoses of ADs due to a strong traditional background of educational approaches [1,7,[20][21][22][23]. For example, less than half of participating psychiatrists used each of the diagnoses of interest on weekly basis and from 38 to 46% did not use them during the last year, including the diagnoses of specific phobia, social phobia and agoraphobia that have been reported to affect from 2 to 6.4% of the European population [12].…”

“…Recent publications have reported on the many challenges and barriers found in the mental health system in Russia in terms of organization, stigma, psychiatric training and socioeconomical changes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Although the mental healthcare system in Russia is undergoing a transition from an institutional model to deinstitutionalized model, official statistics on the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders remain institution based and, according to an issue of the statistical bulletin of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, only 2.7% of the Russian population utilized psychiatric system resources in 2018 [9].…”

Fascism in Medicine and Everyday Life

“…In this way, the disease is mixed up with constitution, permitting personality disorders and constitutional traits to be diagnosed as schizophrenia. Furthermore, childhood autism, which had been introduced into Russian classifications in the late 1980s but not uniformly accepted, was classified and treated as childhood schizophrenia (Krasnoperova 2004;Tiganov and Bashina 2005). With regard to the treatment, antipsychotic drugs have been recommended by Russian handbooks for all forms of schizophrenia, including the sluggish form (Korkina et al 2004;Tiganov et al 1999) and "increasing shizoidization" (Lichko 1995).…”